http://content.nejm.org/ The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) RSS feed — collection updates for Women's Health. NEJM (http://www.nejm.org) is a weekly general medical journal that publishes new medical research findings, review articles, and editorial opinion on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. http://content.nejm.org/icons/nejm_name_220.gifhttp://content.nejm.org/The New England Journal of Medicine is owned, published, and copyrighted © 2010 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.en-us<em>Background:</em> It has been hypothesized that internal tocodynamometry, as compared with external monitoring, may provide a more accurate assessment of contractions and thus improve the ability to adjust the dose...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/362/4/306?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jannet J.H. Bakker, M.Sc., Corine J.M. Verhoeven, M.Sc., Petra F. Janssen, M.D., Jan M. van Lith, M.D., Ph.D., Elisabeth D. van Oudgaarden, M.D., Kitty W.M. Bloemenkamp, M.D., Ph.D., Dimitri N.M. Papatsonis, M.D., Ph.D., Ben Willem J. Mol, M.D., Ph.D., and Joris A.M. van der Post, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 28  Jan  2010 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/362/4/306?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Like previous epidemic and pandemic diseases, 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) may pose an increased risk of severe illness in pregnant women.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> Statewide surveillance for patients who were hospitalized...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/362/1/27?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Janice K. Louie, M.D., M.P.H., Meileen Acosta, M.P.H., Denise J. Jamieson, M.D., M.P.H., and Margaret A. Honein, Ph.D., M.P.H., for the California Pandemic (H1N1) Working GroupThu, 07  Jan  2010 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/362/1/27?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48President Barack Obama has made it clear that he does not want abortion politics to sabotage health care reform. In his September 10 speech about health care to a joint...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/27/2589?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 31  Dec  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/27/2589?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/26/e61?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paul Gordon, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 24  Dec  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/26/e61?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48One of the greatest challenges in developing cancer-screening guidelines is devising strategies that maximize screening benefits and minimize screening harms. The benefits of cancer screening — decreased cancer-related morbidity and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/26/2503?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 24  Dec  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/26/2503?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The new recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force on screening for breast cancer1 were front-page news for several consecutive days, and they sent the Obama administration scrambling to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/26/2501?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 24  Dec  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/26/2501?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the United States, with more than 190,000 women receiving a diagnosis of invasive disease annually1 and more than 40,000 dying...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/26/2499?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 24  Dec  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/26/2499?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dr. Brad W. Butcher (Medicine): A 28-year-old woman was admitted to this hospital 2 days post partum because of cardiac failure.<br/><br/>The patient had been well, except for gestational diabetes mellitus,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/25/2462?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Patrick T. O'Gara, M.D., Jo-Anne O. Shepard, M.D., Kibar Yared, M.D., and Aliyah R. Sohani, M.D.Thu, 17  Dec  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/25/2462?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Cancer immunoprevention has become synonymous with the vaccines that have been approved for the prevention of infection with highly transmissible strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) that establish chronic infection and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/19/1899?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Olivera J. Finn, Ph.D., and Robert P. Edwards, M.D.Thu, 05  Nov  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/19/1899?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 21-year-old primigravida at nearly 40 weeks' gestation presented with a spontaneous onset of pelvic pain and difficulty in walking. After a rapid delivery, the postpartum physical examination revealed pain...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/19/1886?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jason M. Parker, M.D. and Modushudan Bhattacharjee, M.B., B.S.Thu, 05  Nov  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/19/1886?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is a chronic disorder caused by high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly HPV type 16 (HPV-16). Spontaneous regression occurs in less than 1.5% of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/19/1838?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Gemma G. Kenter, M.D., Ph.D., Marij J.P. Welters, Ph.D., A. Rob P.M. Valentijn, Ph.D., Margriet J.G. Lowik, Dorien M.A. Berends-van der Meer, Annelies P.G. Vloon, Farah Essahsah, Lorraine M. Fathers, Rienk Offringa, Ph.D., Jan Wouter Drijfhout, Ph.D., Amon R. Wafelman, Ph.D., Jaap Oostendorp, Ph.D., Gert Jan Fleuren, M.D., Ph.D., Sjoerd H. van der Burg, Ph.D., and Cornelis J.M. Melief, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 05  Nov  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/19/1838?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mucocutaneous fungal infections are typically found in patients who have no known immune defects. We describe a family in which four women who were affected by either recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/18/1760?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bart Ferwerda, Ph.D., Gerben Ferwerda, Ph.D., M.D., Theo S. Plantinga, M.S., Janet A. Willment, Ph.D., Annemiek B. van Spriel, Ph.D., Hanka Venselaar, M.S., Clara C. Elbers, Ph.D., Melissa D. Johnson, Ph.D., M.D., Alessandra Cambi, Ph.D., Cristal Huysamen, Ph.D., Liesbeth Jacobs, B.S., Trees Jansen, B.S., Karlijn Verheijen, B.S., Laury Masthoff, M.D., Servaas A. Morré, Ph.D., Gert Vriend, Ph.D., David L. Williams, Ph.D., M.D., John R. Perfect, Ph.D., M.D., Leo A.B. Joosten, Ph.D., Cisca Wijmenga, Ph.D., Jos W.M. van der Meer, Ph.D., M.D., Gosse J. Adema, Ph.D., Bart Jan Kullberg, Ph.D., M.D., Gordon D. Brown, Ph.D., and Mihai G. Netea, Ph.D., M.D.Thu, 29  Oct  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/18/1760?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 51-year-old woman was found to have a small, pinkish tumor of the left iris (Panels A and B, arrows). The visual acuity was not affected, and the intraocular pressure...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/13/e22?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bogomil Voykov, M.D. and Emmanuella Guenova, M.D.Thu, 24  Sep  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/13/e22?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48To the Editor: The trigger for postmenopausal flushing is incompletely understood1; therefore, it has been difficult to develop new treatments. Neuroendocrine mechanisms, such as increased activity of luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/12/1218?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hans de Boer, M.D., Ph.D., Petri van Gastel, M.D., and Adriaan van Sorge, Ph.D.Thu, 17  Sep  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/12/1218?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The publication of this book, just months after the death of Alvin Goldfarb — one of the founders of the North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology — prompts...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/8/832?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 20  Aug  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/8/832?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody to the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) that blocks its binding to RANK, inhibiting the development and activity of osteoclasts,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/8/756?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Steven R. Cummings, M.D., Javier San Martin, M.D., Michael R. McClung, M.D., Ethel S. Siris, M.D., Richard Eastell, M.D., Ian R. Reid, M.D., Pierre Delmas, M.D., Ph.D., Holly B. Zoog, Ph.D., Matt Austin, M.S., Andrea Wang, M.A., Stepan Kutilek, M.D., Silvano Adami, M.D., Ph.D., Jose Zanchetta, M.D., Cesar Libanati, M.D., Suresh Siddhanti, Ph.D., and Claus Christiansen, M.D., for the FREEDOM TrialThu, 20  Aug  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/8/756?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ovulation, initiated by the proestrus surge of the pituitary luteinizing hormone, culminates in the rupture of the ovarian follicle and is followed by the delivery of a mature oocyte. This...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/7/718?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Nava Dekel, Ph.D.Thu, 13  Aug  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/7/718?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dr. Barbara L. Smith (Surgical Oncology): A 36-year-old woman was seen in the multidisciplinary breast cancer clinic of this hospital for management of hormone-receptor–positive breast cancer.<br/><br/>Approximately 3 months earlier she...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/7/699?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Harold J. Burstein, M.D., Ph.D., Irene Souter, M.D., Helen Anne D'Alessandro, M.D., and Dennis C. Sgroi, M.D.Thu, 13  Aug  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/7/699?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 45-year-old, premenopausal black woman (gravida 3, para 2, with a history of one spontaneous abortion) presents with menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea that has worsened progressively over a period of 10...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/7/690?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Scott C. Goodwin, M.D., and James B. Spies, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 13  Aug  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/7/690?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A sexually active 18-year-old woman presents to her internist for an annual examination. During the review of her family history, she notes that her mother recently received a diagnosis of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/3/271?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jessica A. Kahn, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 16  Jul  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/3/271?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 56-year-old woman presents to her physician, requesting screening for ovarian cancer. She reports the recent death of a friend from ovarian cancer at the age of 65 years. The...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/2/170?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson, M.D.Thu, 09  Jul  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/2/170?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> From 2001 through March 2006, Planned Parenthood health centers throughout the United States provided medical abortion (abortion by means of medication) principally by a regimen of oral mifepristone followed...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/2/145?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mary Fjerstad, N.P., M.H.S., James Trussell, Ph.D., Irving Sivin, M.A., E. Steve Lichtenberg, M.D., M.P.H., and Vanessa Cullins, M.D., M.P.H., M.B.A.Thu, 09  Jul  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/361/2/145?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In a remarkably short time, the use of massively parallel technologies has greatly reduced the cost of DNA sequencing.1 Already, these technologies have permitted the whole-genome sequencing of several persons234...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/26/2781?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jay Shendure, M.D., Ph.D., and Colin J. Stewart, M.B., Ch.B.Thu, 25  Jun  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/26/2781?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Granulosa-cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common type of malignant ovarian sex cord–stromal tumor (SCST). The pathogenesis of these tumors is unknown. Moreover, their histopathological diagnosis can be challenging,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/26/2719?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sohrab P. Shah, Ph.D., Martin Köbel, M.D., Janine Senz, B.Sc., Ryan D. Morin, M.Sc., Blaise A. Clarke, M.B., B.Ch., Kimberly C. Wiegand, B.Sc., Gillian Leung, B.Sc., Abdalnasser Zayed, B.Sc., Erika Mehl, B.M.L.Sc., Steve E. Kalloger, B.Sc., Mark Sun, B.Sc., Ryan Giuliany, Erika Yorida, B.M.L.Sc., Steven Jones, Ph.D., Richard Varhol, M.Sc., Kenneth D. Swenerton, M.D., Dianne Miller, M.D., Philip B. Clement, M.D., Colleen Crane, B.Tech., Jason Madore, M.Sc., Diane Provencher, M.D., Peter Leung, Ph.D., Anna DeFazio, Ph.D., Jaswinder Khattra, M.Sc., Gulisa Turashvili, M.D., Ph.D., Yongjun Zhao, M.Sc., D.V.M., Thomas Zeng, M.Sc., J.N. Mark Glover, Ph.D., Barbara Vanderhyden, Ph.D., Chengquan Zhao, M.D., Christine A. Parkinson, Ph.D., M.R.C.P., Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Ph.D., David D.L. Bowtell, Ph.D., Anne-Marie Mes-Masson, Ph.D., James D. Brenton, M.D., F.R.C.P., Samuel A. Aparicio, B.M., B.Ch., Niki Boyd, Ph.D., Martin Hirst, Ph.D., C. Blake Gilks, M.D., Marco Marra, Ph.D., and David G. Huntsman, M.D.Thu, 25  Jun  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/26/2719?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In this issue of the Journal, Sankaranarayanan et al.1 report the results of a randomized clinical trial of screening for cervical cancer involving more than 130,000 women in India. The...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/14/1453?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mark Schiffman, M.D., M.P.H., and Sholom Wacholder, Ph.D.Thu, 02  Apr  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/14/1453?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In October 1999, we began to measure the effect of a single round of screening by testing for human papillomavirus (HPV), cytologic testing, or visual inspection of the cervix...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/14/1385?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, M.D., Bhagwan M. Nene, M.D., F.R.C.P., Surendra S. Shastri, M.D., Kasturi Jayant, M.Sc., Richard Muwonge, Ph.D., Atul M. Budukh, Ph.D., Sanjay Hingmire, B.Sc., Sylla G. Malvi, M.Sc., Ph.D., Ranjit Thorat, B.Sc., Ashok Kothari, M.D., Roshan Chinoy, M.D., Rohini Kelkar, M.D., Shubhada Kane, M.D., Sangeetha Desai, M.D., Vijay R. Keskar, M.S., Raghevendra Rajeshwarkar, M.D., Nandkumar Panse, B.Com., and Ketayun A. Dinshaw, M.D., F.R.C.R.Thu, 02  Apr  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/14/1385?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dr. Naana Afua Jumah (Student, Harvard Medical School): A 23-year-old woman was seen in the gynecology clinic of this hospital because of a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion seen on pathological...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/13/1337?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mark A. Goldstein, M.D., Annekathryn Goodman, M.D., Marcela G. del Carmen, M.D., M.P.H., and David C. Wilbur, M.D.Thu, 26  Mar  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/13/1337?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 68-year-old woman presented with dull, persistent abdominal pain, the sensation of a foreign body in the pelvis, difficulty voiding, and vaginal discharge. The symptoms had developed over many years,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/12/1238?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Christl Reisenauer, M.D. and Erich Solomayer, M.D.Thu, 19  Mar  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/12/1238?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The genetic causes of nonsyndromic ovarian insufficiency are largely unknown. A nuclear receptor, NR5A1 (also called steroidogenic factor 1), is a key transcriptional regulator of genes involved in the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/12/1200?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Diana Lourenço, B.Sc., Raja Brauner, M.D., Ph.D., Lin Lin, Ph.D., Arantzazu De Perdigo, M.D., Ph.D., Georges Weryha, M.D., Ph.D., Mihaela Muresan, M.D., Ph.D., Radia Boudjenah, M.S., Gil Guerra-Junior, M.D., Ph.D., Andréa T. Maciel-Guerra, M.D., Ph.D., John C. Achermann, M.D., Ken McElreavey, Ph.D., and Anu Bashamboo, Ph.D.Thu, 19  Mar  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/12/1200?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1925, a patient who was being treated by Alfred S. Warthin told him she was terrified she would die of “cancer of my female organs or bowels,” which she...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/11/1161?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 12  Mar  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/11/1161?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The unique duality involved in confronting a life-threatening diagnosis while simultaneously considering the deeply human desire to have a child presents a struggle both for patients with cancer and for...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/9/902?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jacqueline S. Jeruss, M.D., Ph.D., and Teresa K. Woodruff, Ph.D.Thu, 26  Feb  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/9/902?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Ovarian suppression plus tamoxifen is a standard adjuvant treatment in premenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors are superior to tamoxifen in postmenopausal patients, and preclinical data suggest...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/7/679?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael Gnant, M.D., Brigitte Mlineritsch, M.D., Walter Schippinger, M.D., Gero Luschin-Ebengreuth, M.D., Sabine Pöstlberger, M.D., Christian Menzel, M.D., Raimund Jakesz, M.D., Michael Seifert, M.D., Michael Hubalek, M.D., Vesna Bjelic-Radisic, M.D., Hellmut Samonigg, M.D., Christoph Tausch, M.D., Holger Eidtmann, M.D., Günther Steger, M.D., Werner Kwasny, M.D., Peter Dubsky, M.D., Michael Fridrik, M.D., Florian Fitzal, M.D., Michael Stierer, M.D., Ernst Rücklinger, Ph.D., and Richard Greil, M.D., for the ABCSG-12 Trial InvestigatorsThu, 12  Feb  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/7/679?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In his book, Outliers: The Story of Success (New York: Little, Brown, 2008), Malcolm Gladwell asks, Why do some people succeed, living remarkably productive and impactful lives, while so many...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/6/645?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 05  Feb  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/6/645?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 30-year-old woman presents with a history of no menses since she stopped taking oral contraceptives 6 months ago in order to conceive. She had undergone puberty that was normal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/6/606?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lawrence M. Nelson, M.D.Thu, 05  Feb  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/6/606?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Following the release of the 2002 report of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial of estrogen plus progestin, the use of menopausal hormone therapy in the United States decreased...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/6/573?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rowan T. Chlebowski, M.D., Ph.D., Lewis H. Kuller, M.D., Dr.P.H., Ross L. Prentice, Ph.D., Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., Margery Gass, M.D., Aaron K. Aragaki, M.S., Judith K. Ockene, Ph.D., Dorothy S. Lane, M.D., Gloria E. Sarto, M.D., Aleksandar Rajkovic, M.D., Ph.D., Robert Schenken, M.D., Susan L. Hendrix, D.O., Peter M. Ravdin, M.D., Ph.D., Thomas E. Rohan, M.B., B.S., Ph.D., Shagufta Yasmeen, M.D., and Garnet Anderson, Ph.D., for the WHI InvestigatorsThu, 05  Feb  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/6/573?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Obesity is an established and modifiable risk factor for urinary incontinence, but conclusive evidence for a beneficial effect of weight loss on urinary incontinence is lacking.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We randomly assigned...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/5/481?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Leslee L. Subak, M.D., Rena Wing, Ph.D., Delia Smith West, Ph.D., Frank Franklin, M.D., Ph.D., Eric Vittinghoff, Ph.D., Jennifer M. Creasman, M.S.P.H., Holly E. Richter, Ph.D., M.D., Deborah Myers, M.D., Kathryn L. Burgio, Ph.D., Amy A. Gorin, Ph.D., Judith Macer, B.Sc., John W. Kusek, Ph.D., and Deborah Grady, M.D., M.P.H., for the PRIDE InvestigatorsThu, 29  Jan  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/5/481?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The previous edition of this book was an attempt to collate the science of the endometrium into one comprehensive volume. This current edition is an even more ambitious undertaking, and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/3/310?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 15  Jan  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/3/310?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease that affects 5 to 10% of women of reproductive age in the United States.1 Its defining feature is the presence of endometrium-like tissue in...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/3/268?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Serdar E. Bulun, M.D.Thu, 15  Jan  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/3/268?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells responsible for the resorption of bone matrix. During the development and growth of a human, they ensure proper contouring of the bones and extension of the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/1/80?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Julie Glowacki, Ph.D.Thu, 01  Jan  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/1/80?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Bisphosphonates decrease bone resorption and are commonly used to treat or prevent osteoporosis. However, the effect of bisphosphonates on their target cells remains enigmatic, since in patients benefiting from...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/1/53?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Robert S. Weinstein, M.D., Paula K. Roberson, Ph.D., and Stavros C. Manolagas, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 01  Jan  2009 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/1/53?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of deaths from gynecologic cancer, and although there are nomograms that use pathological variables to predict outcome for advanced-stage disease,1 few if any molecular...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/25/2720?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Frank J. Slack, Ph.D., and Joanne B. Weidhaas, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 18  Dec  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/25/2720?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We studied Dicer and Drosha, components of the RNA-interference machinery, in ovarian cancer.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We measured messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Dicer and Drosha in specimens of invasive epithelial ovarian...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/25/2641?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48William M. Merritt, M.D., Yvonne G. Lin, M.D., Liz Y. Han, M.D., Aparna A. Kamat, M.D., Whitney A. Spannuth, M.D., Rosemarie Schmandt, Ph.D., Diana Urbauer, M.S., Len A. Pennacchio, Ph.D., Jan-Fang Cheng, Ph.D., Alpa M. Nick, M.D., Michael T. Deavers, M.D., Alexandra Mourad-Zeidan, M.S., Hua Wang, Ph.D., Peter Mueller, Ph.D., Marc E. Lenburg, Ph.D., Joe W. Gray, Ph.D., Samuel Mok, Ph.D., Michael J. Birrer, M.D., Ph.D., Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, M.D., Robert L. Coleman, M.D., Menashe Bar-Eli, Ph.D., and Anil K. Sood, M.D.Thu, 18  Dec  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/25/2641?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In the November elections, the citizens of three states resoundingly defeated initiatives aimed at curtailing reproductive rights. In Colorado, a proposed amendment to the state's Constitution would have given the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/23/2484?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Gregory D. Curfman, M.D., Stephen Morrissey, Ph.D., Michael F. Greene, M.D., and Jeffrey M. Drazen, M.D.Thu, 04  Dec  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/23/2484?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Under a law that went into effect in July, physicians in South Dakota must tell any woman seeking an abortion that she is terminating the life of “a whole, separate,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/21/2189?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 20  Nov  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/21/2189?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Decreased or low sexual desire is commonly reported by women from late adolescence through the seventh decade across a number of cultures. Estimates of prevalence range from 25 to 53%.123...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/19/2047?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Julia R. Heiman, Ph.D.Thu, 06  Nov  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/19/2047?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The efficacy and safety of testosterone treatment for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women not receiving estrogen therapy are unknown.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 52-week trial in...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/19/2005?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Susan R. Davis, M.D., Ph.D., Michele Moreau, M.D., Robin Kroll, M.D., Céline Bouchard, M.D., Nick Panay, M.D., Margery Gass, M.D., Glenn D. Braunstein, M.D., Angelica Linden Hirschberg, M.D., Ph.D., Cynthia Rodenberg, Ph.D., Simon Pack, Ph.D., Helga Koch, Ph.D., Alain Moufarege, M.D., and John Studd, M.D., for the APHRODITE Study TeamThu, 06  Nov  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/19/2005?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Reproductive health policy has been mired in debates over abortion and sexuality, leaving unresolved a cluster of reproductive health problems. For a country of such wealth and technical prowess, the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/18/1869?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 30  Oct  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/18/1869?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In a dramatic speech on the floor of the U.S. Senate in July 2006, Senator Barack Obama (D-IL) described a visit from a constituent whose 2-year-old son, Ryan, had cerebral...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/18/1867?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 30  Oct  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/18/1867?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sterilization is a medical procedure that can immediately evoke concern about violations of medical ethics. Enthusiasm for sterilization may start with beneficence and the desire for social justice, but sterilization...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/17/1854?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 23  Oct  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/17/1854?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The sensitivity of screening mammography for the detection of small breast cancers is higher when the mammogram is read by two readers rather than by a single reader. We...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/16/1675?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Fiona J. Gilbert, F.R.C.R., Susan M. Astley, Ph.D., Maureen G.C. Gillan, Ph.D., Olorunsola F. Agbaje, Ph.D., Matthew G. Wallis, F.R.C.R., Jonathan James, F.R.C.R., Caroline R.M. Boggis, F.R.C.R., and Stephen W. Duffy, M.Sc., for the CADET II GroupThu, 16  Oct  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/16/1675?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Disorders that cause genitourinary pain and inflammation are common and can be life-altering because of their effects on the quality of life. In the preface of this book, editor Jeannette...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/15/1634?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 09  Oct  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/15/1634?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 36-year-old woman presents with long-standing pelvic pain, including dysmenorrhea and pain with intercourse. She has previously received oral contraceptives and depot medroxyprogesterone for presumed endometriosis. This regimen has not...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/11/1136?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David L. Olive, M.D.Thu, 11  Sep  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/11/1136?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 63-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of vague pelvic and back pain. She had undergone laparoscopic surgery of the fallopian tubes 27 years earlier owing to infertility. Magnetic...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/8/e9?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Marc Possover, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 21  Aug  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/8/e9?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Despite great expectations and promising results of clinical trials, we still lack sufficient evidence of an effective vaccine against cervical cancer. Several strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/8/861?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Charlotte J. Haug, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 21  Aug  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/8/861?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dr. Thomas J. Cummings, Jr. (Psychiatry): A 26-year-old woman was admitted to this hospital because of headache, behavioral changes, abnormal movements, and inability to communicate. The patient had been well,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/8/842?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thomas D. Sabin, M.D., Jeffrey A. Jednacz, M.D., and Paul N. Staats, M.D.Thu, 21  Aug  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/8/842?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The cost-effectiveness of prophylactic vaccination against human papillomavirus types 16 (HPV-16) and 18 (HPV-18) is an important consideration for guidelines for immunization in the United States.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We synthesized epidemiologic...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/8/821?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jane J. Kim, Ph.D., and Sue J. Goldie, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 21  Aug  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/8/821?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Since the mean life expectancy at menopause is 32.7 years, women spend more than one third of their lives in the estrogen-deficient postmenopausal state.1 Of the majority of menopausal women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/7/753?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 14  Aug  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/7/753?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Tibolone has estrogenic, progestogenic, and androgenic effects. Although tibolone prevents bone loss, its effects on fractures, breast cancer, and cardiovascular disease are uncertain.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> In this randomized study, we assigned...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/7/697?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Steven R. Cummings, M.D., Bruce Ettinger, M.D., Pierre D. Delmas, M.D., Ph.D., Peter Kenemans, M.D., Ph.D., Victoria Stathopoulos, Ph.D., Pierre Verweij, Ph.D., Mirjam Mol-Arts, M.D., Lenus Kloosterboer, Ph.D., Lori Mosca, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., Claus Christiansen, M.D., John Bilezikian, M.D., Eduardo Mario Kerzberg, M.D., Susan Johnson, M.D., Jose Zanchetta, M.D., Diederich E. Grobbee, M.D., Ph.D., Wilfried Seifert, Ph.D., and Richard Eastell, M.D., for the LIFT Trial InvestigatorsThu, 14  Aug  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/7/697?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women make up more than 50% of adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, female-initiated HIV prevention methods...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/5/463?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lut Van Damme, M.D., Roshini Govinden, Ph.D., Florence M. Mirembe, Ph.D., Fernand Guédou, M.D., Suniti Solomon, M.D., Marissa L. Becker, M.D., B.S. Pradeep, M.D., A.K. Krishnan, B.A., Michel Alary, M.D., Bina Pande, M.D., Gita Ramjee, Ph.D., Jennifer Deese, M.P.H., Tania Crucitti, M.S., and Doug Taylor, Ph.D., for the CS Study GroupThu, 31  Jul  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/5/463?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48More than 200,000 of the 500,000 new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections that occur each year in children are the result of transmission of the virus through the mother's breast...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/2/189?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Glenda E. Gray, M.B., B.Ch., and Haroon Saloojee, M.B., B.Ch.Thu, 10  Jul  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/2/189?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In low-resource settings, many programs recommend that women who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stop breast-feeding early. We conducted a randomized trial to evaluate whether abrupt...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/2/130?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Louise Kuhn, Ph.D., Grace M. Aldrovandi, M.D., Moses Sinkala, M.D., M.P.H., Chipepo Kankasa, M.D., Katherine Semrau, M.P.H., Mwiya Mwiya, M.B., Ch.B., Prisca Kasonde, M.D., Nancy Scott, M.P.H., Cheswa Vwalika, M.B., Ch.B., Jan Walter, Ph.D., Marc Bulterys, M.D., Ph.D., Wei-Yann Tsai, Ph.D., and Donald M. Thea, M.D., for the Zambia Exclusive Breastfeeding StudyThu, 10  Jul  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/2/130?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Effective strategies are urgently needed to reduce mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) through breast-feeding in resource-limited settings.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> Women with HIV-1 infection who were breast-feeding infants...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/2/119?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Newton I. Kumwenda, Ph.D., Donald R. Hoover, Ph.D., Lynne M. Mofenson, M.D., Michael C. Thigpen, M.D., George Kafulafula, M.B., B.S., Qing Li, M.Sc., Linda Mipando, M.Sc., Kondwani Nkanaunena, M.Sc., Tsedal Mebrahtu, Sc.M., Marc Bulterys, M.D., Ph.D., Mary Glenn Fowler, M.D., M.P.H., and Taha E. Taha, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 10  Jul  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/359/2/119?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> New developments in the search for susceptibility alleles in complex disorders provide support for the possibility of a polygenic approach to the prevention and treatment of common diseases.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/26/2796?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paul D.P. Pharoah, Ph.D., Antonis C. Antoniou, Ph.D., Douglas F. Easton, Ph.D., and Bruce A.J. Ponder, F.R.S.Thu, 26  Jun  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/26/2796?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Afghanistan, a country with 32 million residents, has been engaged in constant conflict for the past 30 years. This instability and insecurity have resulted in a stark economic climate and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/21/2201?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 22  May  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/21/2201?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 24-year-old woman (gravida 0, para 0) presented with a history of progressive abdominal distention during the previous year, accompanied by early satiety and constipation. There was no history of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/20/e22?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ton-Ho Young, M.D. and Herng-Sheng Lee, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 15  May  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/20/e22?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Implementation of evidence-based obstetrical practices remains a significant challenge. Effective strategies to disseminate and implement such practices are needed.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We randomly assigned 19 hospitals in Argentina and Uruguay to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/18/1929?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Fernando Althabe, M.D., Pierre Buekens, M.D., Eduardo Bergel, Ph.D., José M. Belizán, M.D., Marci K. Campbell, Ph.D., Nancy Moss, Ph.D., Tyler Hartwell, Ph.D., and Linda L. Wright, M.D., for the Guidelines Trial GroupThu, 01  May  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/18/1929?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We compared the efficacy of two different taxanes, docetaxel and paclitaxel, given either weekly or every 3 weeks, in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We enrolled 4950 women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/16/1663?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Joseph A. Sparano, M.D., Molin Wang, Ph.D., Silvana Martino, D.O., Vicky Jones, M.D., Edith A. Perez, M.D., Tom Saphner, M.D., Antonio C. Wolff, M.D., George W. Sledge, Jr., M.D., William C. Wood, M.D., and Nancy E. Davidson, M.D.Thu, 17  Apr  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/16/1663?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/14/e15?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rafael Ortega, M.D., Linda Ng, M.D., Pavan Sekhar, B.S., and Michael Song, M.A.Thu, 03  Apr  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/14/e15?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 34-year-old woman presented to her primary care physician with vulvar pruritus, which she reported having had for several months. A diagnosis of condyloma on the vulvae was made, and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/14/1495?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Chih-Chieh Chan, M.D. and Hsien-Ching Chiu, M.D.Thu, 03  Apr  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/14/1495?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Alternatives to surgery are needed for the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. We investigated the effectiveness of imiquimod 5% cream, a topical immune-response modulator, for the treatment of this...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/14/1465?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Manon van Seters, M.D., Marc van Beurden, M.D., Ph.D., Fiebo J.W. ten Kate, M.D., Ph.D., Ilse Beckmann, M.Sc., Ph.D., Patricia C. Ewing, M.D., Marinus J.C. Eijkemans, Ph.D., Marjolein J. Kagie, M.D., Ph.D., Chris J.M. Meijer, M.D., Ph.D., Neil K. Aaronson, Ph.D., Alex KleinJan, Ph.D., Claudia Heijmans-Antonissen, B.Sc., Freek J. Zijlstra, Ph.D., Matthé P.M. Burger, M.D., Ph.D., and Theo J.M. Helmerhorst, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 03  Apr  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/14/1465?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A healthy, lean 46-year-old woman who is a nonsmoker requests advice about contraception. She notes that her menstrual periods are less regular than previously, and she also reports intermittent bothersome...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/12/1262?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Andrew M. Kaunitz, M.D.Thu, 20  Mar  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/12/1262?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 45-year-old woman reports losing urine with coughing, laughing, or sneezing since the birth of her last baby. She has been unable to lose the 25 lb (11 kg) that...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/10/1029?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rebecca G. Rogers, M.D.Thu, 06  Mar  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/10/1029?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Recent media reports have highlighted the increasing incidence of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries. Although the disease continues to be most prominent in affluent countries, the risks of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/3/213?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 17  Jan  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/3/213?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 23-year-old woman with known polycystic ovary syndrome visits her family physician. She has taken oral contraceptive pills in the past but did not tolerate them and is not currently...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/1/47?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48John E. Nestler, M.D.Thu, 03  Jan  2008 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/1/47?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1943, Papanicolaou and Traut published their famous monograph on vaginal cytology as a screening method for uterine cancer.1 Since then, the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear has become the most commonly...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/16/1650?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Carolyn D. Runowicz, M.D.Thu, 18  Oct  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/16/1650?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 45-year-old white woman presents with a 1-year history of scalp-hair loss. She was hospitalized with appendicitis 14 months ago. She has been a vegetarian for 20 years. She takes...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/16/1620?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jerry Shapiro, M.D.Thu, 18  Oct  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/16/1620?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Screening for cervical cancer based on testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) increases the sensitivity of detection of high-grade (grade 2 or 3) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, but whether this gain...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/16/1589?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Pontus Naucler, M.D., Ph.D., Walter Ryd, M.D., Sven Törnberg, M.D., Ph.D., Anders Strand, M.D., Ph.D., Göran Wadell, M.D., Ph.D., Kristina Elfgren, M.D., Ph.D., Thomas Rådberg, M.D., Björn Strander, M.D., Ola Forslund, Ph.D., Bengt-Göran Hansson, Ph.D., Eva Rylander, M.D., Ph.D., and Joakim Dillner, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 18  Oct  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/16/1589?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> To determine whether testing for DNA of oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) is superior to the Papanicolaou (Pap) test for cervical-cancer screening, we conducted a randomized trial comparing the two...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/16/1579?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Marie-Hélène Mayrand, M.D., Eliane Duarte-Franco, M.D., Isabel Rodrigues, M.D., Stephen D. Walter, Ph.D., James Hanley, Ph.D., Alex Ferenczy, M.D., Sam Ratnam, Ph.D., François Coutlée, M.D., and Eduardo L. Franco, Dr.P.H., for the Canadian Cervical Cancer Screening Trial Study GroupThu, 18  Oct  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/16/1579?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Osteoporosis, a major worldwide health problem, affects 4 million to 6 million women and 1 million to 2 million men in the United States. Even more people have decreased bone...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/9/905?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ernesto Canalis, M.D., Andrea Giustina, M.D., and John P. Bilezikian, M.D.Thu, 30  Aug  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/9/905?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 36-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of abdominal distention and pain. She reported having dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, cyclical right shoulder pain (occurring only at the time of menstruation), and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/7/e8?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Simone Ferrero, M.D. and Valentino Remorgida, M.D.Thu, 16  Aug  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/357/7/e8?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/26/e26?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Alison Edelman, M.D., M.P.H., JoDee Anderson, M.D., Susanna Lai, M.P.H., Dana A.V. Braner, M.D., and Ken Tegtmeyer, M.D.Thu, 28  Jun  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/26/e26?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48For the past decade, women and health care providers have faced confusing information about the effects of hormone-replacement therapy, or HRT, on heart disease. Important practical questions have remained unresolved:...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/25/2639?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael E. Mendelsohn, M.D., and Richard H. Karas, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 21  Jun  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/25/2639?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Calcified plaque in the coronary arteries is a marker for atheromatous-plaque burden and is predictive of future risk of cardiovascular events. We examined the relationship between estrogen therapy and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/25/2591?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., Matthew A. Allison, M.D., M.P.H., Jacques E. Rossouw, M.D., J. Jeffrey Carr, M.D., Robert D. Langer, M.D., M.P.H., Judith Hsia, M.D., Lewis H. Kuller, M.D., Dr.P.H., Barbara B. Cochrane, Ph.D., Julie R. Hunt, Ph.D., Shari E. Ludlam, M.P.H., Mary B. Pettinger, M.S., Margery Gass, M.D., Karen L. Margolis, M.D., M.P.H., Lauren Nathan, M.D., Judith K. Ockene, Ph.D., Ross L. Prentice, Ph.D., John Robbins, M.D., and Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D., for the WHI and WHI-CACS InvestigatorsThu, 21  Jun  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/25/2591?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 55-year-old asymptomatic woman, who is 5 years postmenopausal, is concerned about osteoporosis, since her mother had a hip fracture at the age of 70 years. The patient has no...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/22/2293?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sundeep Khosla, M.D., and L. Joseph Melton III, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 31  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/22/2293?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Since the Supreme Court's landmark 1973 abortion-rights decision in Roe v. Wade,1 the law has taken the lead in defining the contours of the continuing public debate over reproductive liberty....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2201?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48George J. Annas, J.D., M.P.H.Thu, 24  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2201?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Urinary incontinence is a common condition affecting 20 to 40% of older women.1 The two most common types of urinary incontinence are stress incontinence, the involuntary loss of urine resulting...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2198?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kris Strohbehn, M.D.Thu, 24  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2198?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Although I am not a provider of reproductive medical services, I was alarmed to read of the recent decision of the Supreme Court in Gonzales v. Carhart. Why should I...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2195?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jeffrey M. Drazen, M.D.Thu, 24  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2195?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Many surgical procedures are available for women with urinary stress incontinence, yet few randomized clinical trials have been conducted to provide a basis for treatment recommendations.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We performed a...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2143?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael E. Albo, M.D., Holly E. Richter, Ph.D., M.D., Linda Brubaker, M.D., Peggy Norton, M.D., Stephen R. Kraus, M.D., Philippe E. Zimmern, M.D., Toby C. Chai, M.D., Halina Zyczynski, M.D., Ananias C. Diokno, M.D., Sharon Tennstedt, Ph.D., Charles Nager, M.D., L. Keith Lloyd, M.D., MaryPat FitzGerald, M.D., Gary E. Lemack, M.D., Harry W. Johnson, M.D., Wendy Leng, M.D., Veronica Mallett, M.D., Anne M. Stoddard, Sc.D., Shawn Menefee, M.D., R. Edward Varner, M.D., Kimberly Kenton, M.D., Pam Moalli, M.D., Larry Sirls, M.D., Kimberly J. Dandreo, M.Sc., John W. Kusek, Ph.D., Leroy M. Nyberg, M.D., Ph.D., and William Steers, M.D., for the Urinary Incontinence Treatment NetworkThu, 24  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2143?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A Dutch oncologist was describing to an audience of American physicians in Amsterdam the circumstances under which euthanasia was performed in the Netherlands at a time when the practice was...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2128?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 24  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2128?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48On April 18, 2007, the Supreme Court signaled a significant change in abortion jurisprudence. It held in Gonzales v. Carhart that a federal statute outlawing the use of “partial-birth abortion”...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2125?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 24  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/21/2125?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The availability of a “cancer vaccine” has elicited enormous enthusiasm from the medical community and the public, culminating in advocacy for mandatory vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) and a recommendation...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1991?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48George F. Sawaya, M.D., and Karen Smith-McCune, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 10  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1991?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In this issue of the Journal, we publish three Original Articles,123 two Perspective articles,45 two editorials,67 a letter to the editor,8 and an audio interview9 on the subject of human...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1990?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lindsey R. Baden, M.D., Gregory D. Curfman, M.D., Stephen Morrissey, Ph.D., and Jeffrey M. Drazen, M.D.Thu, 10  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1990?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent vaccine in preventing anogenital diseases associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1928?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Suzanne M. Garland, M.D., Mauricio Hernandez-Avila, M.D., Cosette M. Wheeler, Ph.D., Gonzalo Perez, M.D., Diane M. Harper, M.D., M.P.H., Sepp Leodolter, M.D., Grace W.K. Tang, M.D., Daron G. Ferris, M.D., Marc Steben, M.D., Janine Bryan, Ph.D., Frank J. Taddeo, Ph.D., Radha Railkar, Ph.D., Mark T. Esser, Ph.D., Heather L. Sings, Ph.D., Micki Nelson, B.S., John Boslego, M.D., Carlos Sattler, M.D., Eliav Barr, M.D., and Laura A. Koutsky, Ph.D., for the Females United to Unilaterally Reduce Endo/Ectocervical Disease (FUTURE) I InvestigatorsThu, 10  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1928?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Human papillomavirus types 16 (HPV-16) and 18 (HPV-18) cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers worldwide. A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate a quadrivalent vaccine against HPV types...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1915?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The FUTURE II Study GroupThu, 10  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1915?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48More than any other cancer, cervical cancer reflects striking global health inequity. It is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with about 493,000 new cases diagnosed annually (see...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1908?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 10  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1908?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Cancer prevention has fallen victim to the culture wars. Throughout the United States, state legislatures are scrambling to respond to the availability of Merck's human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, Gardasil, and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1905?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 10  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/19/1905?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bisphosphonates are an important option for the prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women. However, the complex instructions for the administration of oral bisphosphonates are inconvenient or unsuitable for many patients,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/18/1878?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Juliet Compston, M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.Path., F.Med.Sci.Thu, 03  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/18/1878?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> A single infusion of intravenous zoledronic acid decreases bone turnover and improves bone density at 12 months in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. We assessed the effects of annual infusions...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/18/1809?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dennis M. Black, Ph.D., Pierre D. Delmas, M.D., Ph.D., Richard Eastell, M.D., Ian R. Reid, M.D., Steven Boonen, M.D., Ph.D., Jane A. Cauley, Dr.P.H., Felicia Cosman, M.D., Péter Lakatos, M.D., Ph.D., Ping Chung Leung, M.D., Zulema Man, M.D., Carlos Mautalen, M.D., Peter Mesenbrink, Ph.D., Huilin Hu, Ph.D., John Caminis, M.D., Karen Tong, B.S., Theresa Rosario-Jansen, Ph.D., Joel Krasnow, M.D., Trisha F. Hue, M.P.H., Deborah Sellmeyer, M.D., Erik Fink Eriksen, M.D., D.M.Sc., and Steven R. Cummings, M.D., for the HORIZON Pivotal Fracture TrialThu, 03  May  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/18/1809?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 46-year-old woman came to the Center for Cancer Risk Analysis at the Cancer Center of this hospital because of recent diagnoses of endometrial, ovarian, and colonic cancers.<br/><br/>Fifteen weeks earlier,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/17/1760?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael V. Seiden, M.D., Ph.D., Devanshi Patel, M.S., C.G.C., Mary Jane O'Neill, M.D., and Esther Oliva, M.D.Thu, 26  Apr  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/17/1760?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Anna Behrens is 24 years old. Tall and slim, she is working toward her Ph.D. in art history at an Ivy League school. During her undergraduate years, Anna accumulated $27,000...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/13/1289?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 29  Mar  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/13/1289?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The gynecology clinic is often a discouraging learning environment for medical students. Although those who complete a third-year clerkship in obstetrics and gynecology may take histories from plenty of women,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/9/889?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 01  Mar  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/9/889?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Of the estimated 6.7 million women with fertility problems in the United States, 35% have received drugs to induce ovulation.1 The most common cause of anovulation among infertile women is...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/6/622?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David S. Guzick, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 08  Feb  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/6/622?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The polycystic ovary syndrome is a common cause of infertility. Clomiphene and insulin sensitizers are used alone and in combination to induce ovulation, but it is unknown whether one...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/6/551?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Richard S. Legro, M.D., Huiman X. Barnhart, Ph.D., William D. Schlaff, M.D., Bruce R. Carr, M.D., Michael P. Diamond, M.D., Sandra A. Carson, M.D., Michael P. Steinkampf, M.D., Christos Coutifaris, M.D., Ph.D., Peter G. McGovern, M.D., Nicholas A. Cataldo, M.D., Gabriella G. Gosman, M.D., John E. Nestler, M.D., Linda C. Giudice, M.D., Ph.D., Phyllis C. Leppert, M.D., Ph.D., and Evan R. Myers, M.D., M.P.H., for the Cooperative Multicenter Reproductive Medicine NetworkThu, 08  Feb  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/6/551?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48More than a decade ago, prospective epidemiologic studies showed that mortality was increased among people living in communities with elevated concentrations of fine particulate air pollution.12 Subsequent research has shown...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/5/511?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Douglas W. Dockery, Sc.D., and Peter H. Stone, M.D.Thu, 01  Feb  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/5/511?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Fine particulate air pollution has been linked to cardiovascular disease, but previous studies have assessed only mortality and differences in exposure between cities. We examined the association of long-term...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/5/447?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kristin A. Miller, M.S., David S. Siscovick, M.D., M.P.H., Lianne Sheppard, Ph.D., Kristen Shepherd, M.S., Jeffrey H. Sullivan, M.D., M.H.S., Garnet L. Anderson, Ph.D., and Joel D. Kaufman, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 01  Feb  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/5/447?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In the early 1990s, Jacques H. Ravina first applied the technique of embolization of uterine arteries to treat uterine fibroids in women at high risk for complications during surgery1 in...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/4/411?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Togas Tulandi, M.D., M.H.C.M.Thu, 25  Jan  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/4/411?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 60-year-old Somalian woman presented to the emergency department with pain in the upper abdomen. Her medical history was notable for the placement of an intrauterine device (IUD) while she...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/4/397?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Fred C. Cobey, M.D., M.P.H. and Hiroo Takayama, M.D.Thu, 25  Jan  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/4/397?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 37-year-old woman who has never been pregnant and her 40-year-old husband have been attempting to conceive a child for the past 3 years. An infertility evaluation has shown no...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/4/379?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bradley J. Van Voorhis, M.D.Thu, 25  Jan  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/4/379?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The efficacy and safety of uterine-artery embolization, as compared with standard surgical methods, for the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids remain uncertain.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted a randomized trial comparing uterine-artery...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/4/360?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The REST InvestigatorsThu, 25  Jan  2007 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/4/360?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Congenital long-QT syndrome is a disorder resulting in ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. The most common forms of the long-QT syndrome, types 1 and 2, are caused by mutations...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/26/2744?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Medea Imboden, Ph.D., Heikki Swan, M.D., Isabelle Denjoy, M.D., Irene Marijke Van Langen, M.D., Ph.D., Päivi Johanna Latinen-Forsblom, Ph.D., Carlo Napolitano, M.D., Ph.D., Véronique Fressart, M.D., Guenter Breithardt, M.D., Myriam Berthet, B.A., Silvia Priori, M.D., Ph.D., Bernard Hainque, Ph.D., Arthur Arnold Maria Wilde, M.D., Ph.D., Eric Schulze-Bahr, M.D., Ph.D., Josué Feingold, M.D., and Pascale Guicheney, Ph.D.Thu, 28  Dec  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/26/2744?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 51-year-old woman has frequent and distressing hot flushes that interfere with her work and sleep, and vaginal dryness that makes sexual intercourse with her husband uncomfortable. She is otherwise...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/22/2338?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Deborah Grady, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 30  Nov  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/22/2338?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dr. David S. Frankel (Medicine): A 72-year-old woman was admitted to this hospital because of respiratory failure and hypotension.<br/><br/>During the week before admission, the patient and other members of her...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/19/2022?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paula A. Johnson, M.D., M.P.H., Farouc A. Jaffer, M.D., Ph.D., Tomas G. Neilan, M.D., Jo-Anne O. Shepard, M.D., and James R. Stone, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 09  Nov  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/19/2022?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Low-carbohydrate diets have been advocated for weight loss and to prevent obesity, but the long-term safety of these diets has not been determined.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We evaluated data on 82,802 women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/19/1991?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thomas L. Halton, Sc.D., Walter C. Willett, M.D., Dr.P.H., Simin Liu, M.D., Sc.D., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., Christine M. Albert, M.D., M.P.H., Kathryn Rexrode, M.D., and Frank B. Hu, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 09  Nov  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/19/1991?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The National Epirubicin Adjuvant Trial (NEAT) and the BR9601 trial examined the efficacy of anthracyclines in the adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> In NEAT, we compared four cycles...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/18/1851?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Christopher J. Poole, F.R.C.P., Helena M. Earl, F.R.C.P., Louise Hiller, Ph.D., Janet A. Dunn, Ph.D., Sarah Bathers, M.Med.Sci., Robert J. Grieve, F.R.C.P., David A. Spooner, F.R.C.P., Rajiv K. Agrawal, F.R.C.R., Indrajit N. Fernando, F.R.C.P., A. Murray Brunt, F.R.C.R., Susan M. O'Reilly, M.D., S. Michael Crawford, M.D., Daniel W. Rea, Ph.D., Peter Simmonds, M.B., B.S., Janine L. Mansi, M.D., Andrew Stanley, M.Phil., Peter Harvey, Ph.D., Karen McAdam, F.R.C.P., Liz Foster, Ph.D., Robert C.F. Leonard, F.R.C.P., and Christopher J. Twelves, M.D., for the NEAT Investigators and the SCTBGThu, 02  Nov  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/18/1851?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 24-year-old sexually active woman presents with a 3-day history of vaginal pruritus and increased vaginal discharge. One year before presentation, she had the same symptoms, which resolved with use...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/12/1244?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Linda O. Eckert, M.D.Thu, 21  Sep  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/12/1244?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 38-year-old female smoker reported having had intermittent, recurrent right-sided chest pain for several months. Pelvic endometriosis had been diagnosed during laparoscopy for in vitro fertilization 6 years earlier. Six...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/10/e9?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Christoph M. Kronauer, M.D.Thu, 07  Sep  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/10/e9?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48During the past decade, considerable scientific, clinical, and public interest in the benefits and risks of postmenopausal estrogen therapy has focused attention on selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs). These act as...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/2/190?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D.Thu, 13  Jul  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/2/190?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The effect of raloxifene, a selective estrogen-receptor modulator, on coronary heart disease (CHD) and breast cancer is not established.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We randomly assigned 10,101 postmenopausal women (mean age, 67.5 years)...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/2/125?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, M.D., Lori Mosca, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., Peter Collins, M.D., Mary Jane Geiger, M.D., Ph.D., Deborah Grady, M.D., M.P.H., Marcel Kornitzer, M.D., Michelle A. McNabb, M.S., and Nanette K. Wenger, M.D., for the Raloxifene Use for The Heart (RUTH) Trial InvestigatorsThu, 13  Jul  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/2/125?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Last year, I gave one of my patients a prescription for emergency contraception. When she presented it at a Wal-Mart pharmacy, she was turned away empty-handed. This mother of three,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/1/4?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 06  Jul  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/1/4?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sandra Jones was on her way to a Nebraska operating room to have an abscess drained when she learned that, once again, she had defied medical odds. Six months earlier,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/1/1?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 06  Jul  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/355/1/1?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> To evaluate whether the use of male condoms reduces the risk of male-to-female transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, longitudinal studies explicitly designed to evaluate the temporal relationship between...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/25/2645?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rachel L. Winer, Ph.D., James P. Hughes, Ph.D., Qinghua Feng, Ph.D., Sandra O'Reilly, B.S., Nancy B. Kiviat, M.D., King K. Holmes, M.D., Ph.D., and Laura A. Koutsky, Ph.D.Thu, 22  Jun  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/25/2645?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Overweight and obese persons are at increased risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease. An association between body-mass index (BMI) — the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/22/2340?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Brian C. Jacobson, M.D., M.P.H., Samuel C. Somers, M.D., Charles S. Fuchs, M.D., M.P.H., Ciarán P. Kelly, M.D., and Carlos A. Camargo, Jr., M.D., Dr.P.H.Thu, 01  Jun  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/22/2340?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 40-year-old woman with long-standing diabetes presented to the emergency room with fever (temperature, 39.5°C) and diffuse abdominal pain. On admission, she had a distended abdomen with muscular rigidity, Blumberg's...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/21/e23?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ming-Shian Tsai, M.D. and Ming-Hsun Wu, M.D.Thu, 25  May  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/21/e23?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal treatment have substantially reduced the risks of relapse and death that threaten a woman for many years after the diagnosis of breast cancer.1 Progress in breast-cancer...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/20/2177?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Martine J. Piccart-Gebhart, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 18  May  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/20/2177?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2, also called HER2/neu) gene and overexpression of its product in breast-cancer cells may be associated with responsiveness to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/20/2103?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kathleen I. Pritchard, M.D., Lois E. Shepherd, M.D., Frances P. O'Malley, M.D., Irene L. Andrulis, Ph.D., Dongsheng Tu, Ph.D., Vivien H. Bramwell, M.B., B.S., and Mark N. Levine, M.D., for the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials GroupThu, 18  May  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/20/2103?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Pelvic-organ prolapse occurs when pelvic organs herniate toward or through the vaginal opening. It is common and costly. Each year, nearly 200,000 women undergo surgery for prolapse; approximately 30 percent...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/15/1627?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rebecca G. Rogers, M.D.Thu, 13  Apr  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/15/1627?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 54-year-old woman was referred to the gynecologic oncology clinic of this hospital because of a pelvic mass. Several weeks earlier, urinary frequency, lower abdominal and pelvic pain, and a...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/15/1615?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Carolyn N. Krasner, M.D., Maria Roche, M.S., A.P.R.N., Neil S. Horowitz, M.D., Jeffrey G. Supko, Ph.D., Susanna I. Lee, M.D., Ph.D., and Esther Oliva, M.D.Thu, 13  Apr  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/15/1615?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We designed this trial to assess whether the addition of standardized Burch colposuspension to abdominal sacrocolpopexy for the treatment of pelvic-organ prolapse decreases postoperative stress urinary incontinence in women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/15/1557?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Linda Brubaker, M.D., Geoffrey W. Cundiff, M.D., Paul Fine, M.D., Ingrid Nygaard, M.D., Holly E. Richter, M.D., Ph.D., Anthony G. Visco, M.D., Halina Zyczynski, M.D., Morton B. Brown, Ph.D., and Anne M. Weber, M.D., for the Pelvic Floor Disorders NetworkThu, 13  Apr  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/15/1557?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 46-year-old woman, married for 16 years, reports having had a low level of sexual desire and minimal sexual arousal during sexual activity for the past 10 years. Sexual thoughts,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/14/1497?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rosemary Basson, M.D.Thu, 06  Apr  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/14/1497?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The Pap smear has transformed cervical cancer from a leading killer to a rare disease in the United States. But few countries have the resources and infrastructure necessary to run...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/11/1110?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 16  Mar  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/11/1110?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The anticipated licensure within the next three months of a vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) would represent a major public health advance against cervical cancer and other, less common cancers,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/11/1109?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 16  Mar  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/11/1109?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The use of RNA interference (RNAi) as an experimental tool to analyze mammalian gene function has increased dramatically over the past five years. Its application to animal models of human...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/9/970?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David C. Johnson, Ph.D.Thu, 02  Mar  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/9/970?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is essential for osteoclast differentiation, activation, and survival. The fully human monoclonal antibody denosumab (formerly known as AMG 162) binds RANKL with...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/8/821?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael R. McClung, M.D., E. Michael Lewiecki, M.D., Stanley B. Cohen, M.D., Michael A. Bolognese, M.D., Grattan C. Woodson, M.D., Alfred H. Moffett, M.D., Munro Peacock, M.D., Paul D. Miller, M.D., Samuel N. Lederman, M.D., Charles H. Chesnut, M.D., Douglas Lain, M.D., Alan J. Kivitz, M.D., Donna L. Holloway, Ph.D., Charlie Zhang, Ph.D., Mark C. Peterson, Ph.D., and Pirow J. Bekker, M.D., Ph.D., for the AMG 162 Bone Loss Study GroupThu, 23  Feb  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/8/821?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The effect of vitamin and mineral supplementation and diet on the risk of colorectal cancer is an active area of research. In this issue of the Journal, Wactawski-Wende et al.1...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/7/752?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michele R. Forman, Ph.D., and Bernard Levin, M.D.Thu, 16  Feb  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/7/752?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48There are many therapies that reduce the risk of fracture in people with osteoporosis. Calcium and vitamin D are the most widely used therapies for osteoporosis, even though their efficacy...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/7/750?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Joel S. Finkelstein, M.D.Thu, 16  Feb  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/7/750?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Higher intake of calcium and vitamin D has been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in epidemiologic studies and polyp recurrence in polyp-prevention trials. However, randomized-trial evidence...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/7/684?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jean Wactawski-Wende, Ph.D., Jane Morley Kotchen, M.D., Garnet L. Anderson, Ph.D., Annlouise R. Assaf, Ph.D., Robert L. Brunner, Ph.D., Mary Jo O'Sullivan, M.D., Karen L. Margolis, M.D., Judith K. Ockene, Ph.D., Lawrence Phillips, M.D., Linda Pottern, Ph.D., Ross L. Prentice, Ph.D., John Robbins, M.D., Thomas E. Rohan, Ph.D., Gloria E. Sarto, M.D., Santosh Sharma, M.D., Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D., Linda Van Horn, Ph.D., Robert B. Wallace, M.D., Evelyn Whitlock, M.D., Tamsen Bassford, M.D., Shirley A.A. Beresford, Ph.D., Henry R. Black, M.D., Denise E. Bonds, M.D., Robert G. Brzyski, M.D., Bette Caan, Dr.P.H., Rowan T. Chlebowski, M.D., Barbara Cochrane, Ph.D., Cedric Garland, Dr.P.H., Margery Gass, M.D., Jennifer Hays, Ph.D., Gerardo Heiss, M.D., Susan L. Hendrix, D.O., Barbara V. Howard, Ph.D., Judith Hsia, M.D., F. Allan Hubbell, M.D., Rebecca D. Jackson, M.D., Karen C. Johnson, M.D., Howard Judd, M.D., Charles L. Kooperberg, Ph.D., Lewis H. Kuller, M.D., Andrea Z. LaCroix, Ph.D., Dorothy S. Lane, M.D., Robert D. Langer, M.D., Norman L. Lasser, M.D., Cora E. Lewis, M.D., Marian C. Limacher, M.D., and JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., for the Women's Health Initiative InvestigatorsThu, 16  Feb  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/7/684?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The efficacy of calcium with vitamin D supplementation for preventing hip and other fractures in healthy postmenopausal women remains equivocal.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We recruited 36,282 postmenopausal women, 50 to 79 years...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/7/669?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rebecca D. Jackson, M.D., Andrea Z. LaCroix, Ph.D., Margery Gass, M.D., Robert B. Wallace, M.D., John Robbins, M.D., Cora E. Lewis, M.D., Tamsen Bassford, M.D., Shirley A.A. Beresford, Ph.D., Henry R. Black, M.D., Patricia Blanchette, M.D., Denise E. Bonds, M.D., Robert L. Brunner, Ph.D., Robert G. Brzyski, M.D., Bette Caan, Dr.P.H., Jane A. Cauley, Dr.P.H., Rowan T. Chlebowski, M.D., Steven R. Cummings, M.D., Iris Granek, M.D., Jennifer Hays, Ph.D., Gerardo Heiss, M.D., Susan L. Hendrix, D.O., Barbara V. Howard, Ph.D., Judith Hsia, M.D., F. Allan Hubbell, M.D., Karen C. Johnson, M.D., Howard Judd, M.D., Jane Morley Kotchen, M.D., Lewis H. Kuller, M.D., Robert D. Langer, M.D., Norman L. Lasser, M.D., Marian C. Limacher, M.D., Shari Ludlam, M.P.H., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Karen L. Margolis, M.D., Joan McGowan, Ph.D., Judith K. Ockene, Ph.D., Mary Jo O'Sullivan, M.D., Lawrence Phillips, M.D., Ross L. Prentice, Ph.D., Gloria E. Sarto, M.D., Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D., Linda Van Horn, Ph.D., Jean Wactawski-Wende, Ph.D., Evelyn Whitlock, M.D., Garnet L. Anderson, Ph.D., Annlouise R. Assaf, Ph.D., and David Barad, M.D., for the Women's Health Initiative InvestigatorsThu, 16  Feb  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/7/669?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In November 2005, Woo Suk Hwang, the leader of a South Korean team conducting stem-cell research, touched off an international uproar when he admitted that he had used oocytes from...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/4/324?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 26  Jan  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/4/324?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The developments in the laboratory of Woo Suk Hwang of Seoul National University in South Korea are profoundly disappointing to all scientists — not solely stem-cell biologists, although we are...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/4/321?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 26  Jan  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/4/321?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The first description of a kindred with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) in 1925 was based on the family history of a woman who later died from endometrial cancer. On...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/3/293?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kenneth Offit, M.D., M.P.H., and Noah D. Kauff, M.D.Thu, 19  Jan  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/3/293?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women with the Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer) have a 40 to 60 percent lifetime risk of endometrial cancer and a 10 to 12 percent lifetime risk of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/3/261?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kathleen M. Schmeler, M.D., Henry T. Lynch, M.D., Lee-may Chen, M.D., Mark F. Munsell, M.S., Pamela T. Soliman, M.D., Mary Beth Clark, M.S.W., Molly S. Daniels, M.S., Kristin G. White, B.S., Stephanie G. Boyd-Rogers, R.N., Peggy G. Conrad, M.S., Kathleen Y. Yang, M.D., Mary M. Rubin, Ph.D., Charlotte C. Sun, Dr.P.H., Brian M. Slomovitz, M.D., David M. Gershenson, M.D., and Karen H. Lu, M.D.Thu, 19  Jan  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/3/261?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer typically receive intravenous taxane and platinum-based chemotherapy in an attempt to eradicate residual disease after surgical debulking. This treatment yields overall median survivals of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/1/77?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Stephen A. Cannistra, M.D.Thu, 05  Jan  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/1/77?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Standard chemotherapy for newly diagnosed ovarian cancer is a platinum–taxane combination. The Gynecologic Oncology Group conducted a randomized, phase 3 trial that compared intravenous paclitaxel plus cisplatin with intravenous...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/1/34?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Deborah K. Armstrong, M.D., Brian Bundy, Ph.D., Lari Wenzel, Ph.D., Helen Q. Huang, M.S., Rebecca Baergen, M.D., Shashikant Lele, M.D., Larry J. Copeland, M.D., Joan L. Walker, M.D., and Robert A. Burger, M.D., for the Gynecologic Oncology GroupThu, 05  Jan  2006 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/354/1/34?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Great strides have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of early-stage breast cancer, thanks to advances in molecular medicine, interdisciplinary treatment, and rapid electronic communication. Hormonal therapy, the first...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/26/2807?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sandra M. Swain, M.D.Thu, 29  Dec  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/26/2807?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The aromatase inhibitor letrozole is a more effective treatment for metastatic breast cancer and more effective in the neoadjuvant setting than tamoxifen. We compared letrozole with tamoxifen as adjuvant...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/26/2747?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 Collaborative GroupThu, 29  Dec  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/26/2747?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Oral contraceptives were introduced into clinical practice in the 1960s. The “pill,” as this method of contraception was quickly dubbed, was touted for its ease of administration and effectiveness. The...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/24/2602?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bonnie L. Bermas, M.D.Thu, 15  Dec  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/24/2602?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 19-year-old woman seeks care for slowly progressive hair growth. Since high school, she has shaved her upper lip weekly and waxed her abdomen and thighs monthly. Her menstrual periods...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/24/2578?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Robert L. Rosenfield, M.D.Thu, 15  Dec  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/24/2578?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Oral contraceptives are rarely prescribed for women with systemic lupus erythematosus, because of concern about potential negative side effects. In this double-blind, randomized, noninferiority trial, we prospectively evaluated the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/24/2550?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michelle Petri, M.D., M.P.H., Mimi Y. Kim, Sc.D., Kenneth C. Kalunian, M.D., Jennifer Grossman, M.D., Bevra H. Hahn, M.D., Lisa R. Sammaritano, M.D., Michael Lockshin, M.D., Joan T. Merrill, M.D., H. Michael Belmont, M.D., Anca D. Askanase, M.D., M.P.H., W. Joseph McCune, M.D., Michelene Hearth-Holmes, M.D., Mary Anne Dooley, M.D., M.P.H., Joan Von Feldt, M.D., Alan Friedman, M.D., Mark Tan, M.D., John Davis, M.D., M.P.H., Mary Cronin, M.D., Betty Diamond, M.D., Meggan Mackay, M.D., Lisa Sigler, M.A., Michael Fillius, B.S., Ann Rupel, B.A., Frederick Licciardi, M.D., and Jill P. Buyon, M.D., for the OC-SELENA TrialThu, 15  Dec  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/24/2550?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The effects of estrogen-containing contraceptives on disease activity in women with systemic lupus erythematosus have not been determined.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted a single-blind clinical trial involving 162 women with systemic...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/24/2539?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jorge Sánchez-Guerrero, M.D., América G. Uribe, M.D., Luisa Jiménez-Santana, M.D., Marilú Mestanza-Peralta, M.D., Pilar Lara-Reyes, LICSW, Armando H. Seuc, Ph.D., and María-del-Carmen Cravioto, M.D.Thu, 15  Dec  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/24/2539?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Endometritis and toxic shock syndrome associated with Clostridium sordellii have previously been reported after childbirth and, in one case, after medical abortion. We describe four deaths due to endometritis and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/22/2352?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Marc Fischer, M.D., M.P.H., Julu Bhatnagar, Ph.D., Jeannette Guarner, M.D., Sarah Reagan, M.P.H., Jill K. Hacker, Ph.D., Sharon H. Van Meter, M.D., Vadims Poukens, M.D., David B. Whiteman, M.D., Anthony Iton, M.D., J.D., M.P.H., Michele Cheung, M.D., M.P.H., David E. Dassey, M.D., M.P.H., Wun-Ju Shieh, M.D., Ph.D., and Sherif R. Zaki, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 01  Dec  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/22/2352?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The Population Council submitted a new drug application to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on March 14, 1996, for the progesterone antagonist mifepristone (also known as RU 486) to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/22/2317?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael F. Greene, M.D.Thu, 01  Dec  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/22/2317?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, life-threatening disease that predominantly affects women of childbearing age. Its pathogenesis includes autoantibody-mediated organ damage and antiphospholipid-antibody–mediated hypercoagulability. Among patients who have lupus the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/21/2282?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48W. Joseph McCune, M.D.Thu, 24  Nov  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/21/2282?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dr. Barbara L. Smith (Surgical Oncology): A 56-year-old woman was referred to the multidisciplinary breast clinic, part of the cancer center of this hospital, for management of invasive breast cancer...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/20/2177?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Nancy E. Davidson, M.D., Monica Morrow, M.D., Daniel B. Kopans, M.D., and Frederick C. Koerner, M.D.Thu, 17  Nov  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/20/2177?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A healthy, multiparous 23-year-old woman requests advice about contraception. Her last child was conceived while she was using oral contraceptives, which she took irregularly. She wants no more children and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/20/2169?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Herbert B. Peterson, M.D., and Kathryn M. Curtis, Ph.D.Thu, 17  Nov  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/20/2169?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Cervical-cancer screening strategies that involve the use of conventional cytology and require multiple visits have been impractical in developing countries.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We used computer-based models to assess the cost-effectiveness of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/20/2158?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sue J. Goldie, M.D., M.P.H., Lynne Gaffikin, Dr.P.H., Jeremy D. Goldhaber-Fiebert, A.B., Amparo Gordillo-Tobar, M.D., Ph.D., Carol Levin, Ph.D., Cédric Mahé, Ph.D., and Thomas C. Wright, M.D., for the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention Cost Working GroupThu, 17  Nov  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/20/2158?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Cytologic screening has significantly reduced the rates of cervical cancer in many developed countries. However, cervical cancer remains a leading form of cancer among women living in low-resource regions of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/20/2101?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mark Schiffman, M.D., M.P.H., and Philip E. Castle, Ph.D., M.P.H.Thu, 17  Nov  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/20/2101?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Bacterial vaginosis affects millions of women and is associated with several serious health conditions. The cause of bacterial vaginosis remains poorly understood despite numerous studies based on cultures. Bacteria...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/18/1899?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David N. Fredricks, M.D., Tina L. Fiedler, B.S., and Jeanne M. Marrazzo, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 03  Nov  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/18/1899?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48From the time that Robert Koch prepared stained smears of biologic samples from humans, scientists have been engaged in describing the microbiologic flora of the human vagina. In 1882, Döderlein...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/18/1886?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sharon L. Hillier, Ph.D.Thu, 03  Nov  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/18/1886?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The report by Pisano et al.1 of the results of the Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST) in this issue of the Journal adds important information that physicians will use...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/17/1846?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48D. David Dershaw, M.D.Thu, 27  Oct  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/17/1846?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 42-year-old woman presented to the breast clinic with a mass posterior to an accessory nipple (arrow) that had been progressively enlarging over the past year. On physical examination, the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/17/1835?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Leah S. Gendler, M.D. and Kathie-Ann Joseph, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 27  Oct  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/17/1835?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We used modeling techniques to assess the relative and absolute contributions of screening mammography and adjuvant treatment to the reduction in breast-cancer mortality in the United States from 1975...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/17/1784?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Donald A. Berry, Ph.D., Kathleen A. Cronin, Ph.D., Sylvia K. Plevritis, Ph.D., Dennis G. Fryback, Ph.D., Lauren Clarke, M.S., Marvin Zelen, Ph.D., Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, Ph.D., Andrei Y. Yakovlev, Ph.D., J. Dik F. Habbema, Ph.D., and Eric J. Feuer, Ph.D., for the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET) CollaboratorsThu, 27  Oct  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/17/1784?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Film mammography has limited sensitivity for the detection of breast cancer in women with radiographically dense breasts. We assessed whether the use of digital mammography would avoid some of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/17/1773?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Etta D. Pisano, M.D., Constantine Gatsonis, Ph.D., Edward Hendrick, Ph.D., Martin Yaffe, Ph.D., Janet K. Baum, M.D., Suddhasatta Acharyya, Ph.D., Emily F. Conant, M.D., Laurie L. Fajardo, M.D., Lawrence Bassett, M.D., Carl D'Orsi, M.D., Roberta Jong, M.D., and Murray Rebner, M.D., for the Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST) Investigators GroupThu, 27  Oct  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/17/1773?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 34-year-old woman who was infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was evaluated in the infectious-disease and obstetrics outpatient divisions because of a desire to become pregnant.<br/><br/>HIV infection had...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/16/1725?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Laura E. Riley, M.D., and Sigal Yawetz, M.D.Thu, 20  Oct  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/16/1725?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Science commits suicide when it adopts a creed.<br/><br/>— Thomas Henry Huxley1<br/><br/>On August 31, 2005, I resigned my post of assistant commissioner for women's health and director of the Office of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/16/1650?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Susan F. Wood, Ph.D.Thu, 20  Oct  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/16/1650?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 17-year-old girl is taken to her physician by worried parents. Never overweight, in the past six months she became determined to reduce from her baseline weight of 59.1 kg...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/14/1481?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Joel Yager, M.D., and Arnold E. Andersen, M.D.Thu, 06  Oct  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/14/1481?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has again postponed issuing a decision about making emergency contraception available to women without a prescription. This decision — or nondecision — deserves serious...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/12/1197?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Alastair J.J. Wood, M.D., Jeffrey M. Drazen, M.D., and Michael F. Greene, M.D.Thu, 22  Sep  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/12/1197?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48For an investment approaching $1 billion, a pharmaceutical manufacturer may obtain approval from regulatory agencies to market a specific dose of a given medication for the treatment or prevention of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/6/624?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Robert P. Heaney, M.D., and Robert R. Recker, M.D.Thu, 11  Aug  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/6/624?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 63-year-old woman presents with a history of acute low back pain. She had menopause at 44 years of age but never received postmenopausal hormone-replacement therapy. She reports a history...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/6/595?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Clifford J. Rosen, M.D.Thu, 11  Aug  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/6/595?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We evaluated whether patients with osteoporosis treated with long-term alendronate have a response to parathyroid hormone treatment and whether short, three-month cycles of parathyroid hormone therapy could be as...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/6/566?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Felicia Cosman, M.D., Jeri Nieves, Ph.D., Marsha Zion, M.S., Lillian Woelfert, R.N., Marjorie Luckey, M.D., and Robert Lindsay, M.D.Thu, 11  Aug  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/6/566?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Since the use of parathyroid hormone as a treatment for osteoporosis is limited to two years or less, the question of whether antiresorptive therapy should follow parathyroid hormone therapy...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/6/555?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dennis M. Black, Ph.D., John P. Bilezikian, M.D., Kristine E. Ensrud, M.D., M.P.H., Susan L. Greenspan, M.D., Lisa Palermo, M.A., Trisha Hue, M.A., Thomas F. Lang, Ph.D., Joan A. McGowan, Ph.D., and Clifford J. Rosen, M.D., for the PaTH Study InvestigatorsThu, 11  Aug  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/6/555?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 44-year-old woman came to the emergency department because of pain in her right thigh shortly after she had a minor fall. A right femoral-neck fracture was diagnosed, and she...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/5/509?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Tali Cukierman, M.D., Moshe E. Gatt, M.D., Nurith Hiller, M.D., and Tova Chajek-Shaul, M.D.Thu, 04  Aug  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/5/509?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Recent studies have demonstrated that exercise capacity is an independent predictor of mortality in women. Normative values of exercise capacity for age in women have not been well established....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/5/468?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Martha Gulati, M.D., Henry R. Black, M.D., Leslee J. Shaw, Ph.D., Morton F. Arnsdorf, M.D., C. Noel Bairey Merz, M.D., Michael S. Lauer, M.D., Thomas H. Marwick, M.D., Ph.D., Dilip K. Pandey, Ph.D., Roxanne H. Wicklund, R.N., and Ronald A. Thisted, Ph.D.Thu, 04  Aug  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/5/468?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hormones and growth factors act on stromal and epithelial cells to regulate the development, maturation, and differentiation of mammary-gland cells.12 Broadly summarized, estrogen mediates the development and elongation of ductal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/3/275?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Richard J. Santen, M.D., and Robert Mansel, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 21  Jul  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/3/275?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Benign breast disease is an important risk factor for breast cancer. We studied a large group of women with benign breast disease to obtain reliable estimates of this risk.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em>...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/3/229?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lynn C. Hartmann, M.D., Thomas A. Sellers, Ph.D., Marlene H. Frost, Ph.D., Wilma L. Lingle, Ph.D., Amy C. Degnim, M.D., Karthik Ghosh, M.D., Robert A. Vierkant, M.A.S., Shaun D. Maloney, B.A., V. Shane Pankratz, Ph.D., David W. Hillman, M.S., Vera J. Suman, Ph.D., Jo Johnson, R.N., Cassann Blake, M.D., Thea Tlsty, Ph.D., Celine M. Vachon, Ph.D., L. Joseph Melton III, M.D., and Daniel W. Visscher, M.D.Thu, 21  Jul  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/3/229?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48At her annual visit, a 60-year-old woman asks her physician whether she should have a bone-density test to screen for osteoporosis. The patient went through menopause at age 52 and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/2/164?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lawrence G. Raisz, M.D.Thu, 14  Jul  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/2/164?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The choice of delaying pregnancy has become the norm for many women in developed countries. Among some women, however, achieving pregnancy may be difficult or impossible at a later time....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/1/64?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rogerio A. Lobo, M.D.Thu, 07  Jul  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/1/64?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Monozygotic 24-year-old twins presented with discordant ovarian function. One had had premature ovarian failure at the age of 14 years, whereas her sister had normal ovaries and three naturally conceived...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/1/58?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sherman J. Silber, M.D., Kathleen M. Lenahan, R.N., David J. Levine, M.D., Jorge A. Pineda, M.D., Kim S. Gorman, B.A., Michael J. Friez, Ph.D., Eric C. Crawford, Ph.D., and Roger G. Gosden, Ph.D., D.Sc.Thu, 07  Jul  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/353/1/58?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 45-year-old woman was admitted to this hospital with a painful abdominal mass.<br/><br/>She had first noticed a mass in her lower abdomen on the right side two and a half...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/24/2535?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael G. Muto, M.D., Mary Jane O'Neill, M.D., and Esther Oliva, M.D.Thu, 16  Jun  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/24/2535?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Chemotherapy, an integral component of adjuvant treatment for women with resected node-positive breast cancer, improves disease-free and overall survival in many patients. Older regimens include such combinations as cyclophosphamide, methotrexate,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/22/2346?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Edith A. Perez, M.D.Thu, 02  Jun  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/22/2346?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We compared docetaxel plus doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (TAC) with fluorouracil plus doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (FAC) as adjuvant chemotherapy for operable node-positive breast cancer.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We randomly assigned 1491 women with...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/22/2302?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Miguel Martin, M.D., Tadeusz Pienkowski, M.D., John Mackey, M.D., Marek Pawlicki, M.D., Jean-Paul Guastalla, M.D., Charles Weaver, M.D., Eva Tomiak, M.D., Taher Al-Tweigeri, M.D., Linnea Chap, M.D., Eva Juhos, M.D., Raymond Guevin, M.D., Anthony Howell, M.D., Tommy Fornander, M.D., John Hainsworth, M.D., Robert Coleman, M.D., Jeferson Vinholes, M.D., Manuel Modiano, M.D., Tamas Pinter, M.D., Shou C. Tang, M.D., Bruce Colwell, M.D., Catherine Prady, M.D., Louise Provencher, M.D., David Walde, M.D., Alvaro Rodriguez-Lescure, M.D., Judith Hugh, M.D., Camille Loret, Ph.D., Matthieu Rupin, M.Sc., Sandra Blitz, M.Sc., Philip Jacobs, Ph.D., Michael Murawsky, M.Sc., Alessandro Riva, M.D., and Charles Vogel, M.D., for the Breast Cancer International Research Group 001 InvestigatorsThu, 02  Jun  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/22/2302?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48This harmless arrowwood contaminant was seen in a routine cervical smear of a young woman. Arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum) grows in the eastern and midwestern regions of the United States and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/21/e20?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Tunde A. Farkas, M.D.Thu, 26  May  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/21/e20?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Over the past two decades, the cataloguing of mutated oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in various types of human cancers has provided a rich knowledge base for the creation of genetic...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/21/2240?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jeff Boyd, Ph.D.Thu, 26  May  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/21/2240?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Veterans Affairs (VA) Cooperative Study 380 showed that some advanced colorectal neoplasias (i.e., adenomas at least 1 cm in diameter, villous adenomas, adenomas with high-grade dysplasia, or cancer) in...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/20/2061?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Philip Schoenfeld, M.D., Brooks Cash, M.D., Andrew Flood, Ph.D., Richard Dobhan, M.D., John Eastone, M.D., Walter Coyle, M.D., James W. Kikendall, M.D., Hyungjin Myra Kim, Sc.D., David G. Weiss, Ph.D., Theresa Emory, M.D., Arthur Schatzkin, M.D., and David Lieberman, M.D., for the CONCeRN Study InvestigatorsThu, 19  May  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/20/2061?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 12-year-old girl presented with a one-month history of decreased appetite, vomiting, and weight loss. The patient had had no fevers or night sweats. Physical examination revealed a distended abdomen...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/18/1913?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Edythe A. Albano, M.D. and Julie Kanter, M.D.Thu, 05  May  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/18/1913?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Recently, in New York, the geneticist Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza began a brilliant seminar with this introduction: “To understand the present, you have to understand history, and to understand biology, you...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/13/1366?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Richard I. Levin, M.D.Thu, 31  Mar  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/13/1366?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Randomized trials have shown that low-dose aspirin decreases the risk of a first myocardial infarction in men, with little effect on the risk of ischemic stroke. There are few...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/13/1293?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paul M Ridker, M.D., Nancy R. Cook, Sc.D., I-Min Lee, M.B., B.S., David Gordon, M.A., J. Michael Gaziano, M.D., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Charles H. Hennekens, M.D., and Julie E. Buring, Sc.D.Thu, 31  Mar  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/13/1293?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1935, Stein and Leventhal published a paper on their findings in seven women with amenorrhea, hirsutism, obesity, and a characteristic polycystic appearance to their ovaries — one of the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/12/1223?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David A. Ehrmann, M.D.Thu, 24  Mar  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/12/1223?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Approximately six years after the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors were approved for use in the United States, the results of three randomized, placebo-controlled trials provide new evidence about the cardiovascular risks...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/11/1133?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bruce M. Psaty, M.D., Ph.D., and Curt D. Furberg, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 17  Mar  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/11/1133?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 59-year-old woman was seen in the clinic for evaluation of an adrenal mass.<br/><br/>Two years earlier, she had undergone her first physical examination since childhood, having sought medical attention because...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/10/1025?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Robert G. Dluhy, M.D., Michael M. Maher, M.D., and Chin-Lee Wu, M.D.Thu, 10  Mar  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/10/1025?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 32-year-old woman presented with a three-day history of tenderness and swelling of the left breast. Physical examination revealed a subcutaneous fibrous lesion that was linear and cordlike. The patient...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/10/1024?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jorge Soler-González, M.D. and M.C. Ruiz, M.D.Thu, 10  Mar  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/10/1024?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The pain of childbirth is arguably one of the most severe types of pain a woman will endure in her lifetime. Relief of the pain of childbirth has always been...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/7/718?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48William Camann, M.D.Thu, 17  Feb  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/7/718?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Epidural analgesia initiated early in labor (when the cervix is less than 4.0 cm dilated) has been associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery. It is unclear, however,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/7/655?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Cynthia A. Wong, M.D., Barbara M. Scavone, M.D., Alan M. Peaceman, M.D., Robert J. McCarthy, Pharm.D., John T. Sullivan, M.D., Nathaniel T. Diaz, M.D., Edward Yaghmour, M.D., R-Jay L. Marcus, M.D., Saadia S. Sherwani, M.D., Michelle T. Sproviero, M.D., Meltem Yilmaz, M.D., Roshani Patel, R.N., Carmen Robles, R.N., and Sharon Grouper, B.S.Thu, 17  Feb  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/7/655?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Driving through KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, one is struck by the lush farmland and beautiful coast. Beyond this panorama, however, lie rural communities such as Umbumbulu, with its unemployment rate of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/7/649?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bisola O. Ojikutu, M.D., M.P.H., and Valerie E. Stone, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 17  Feb  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/7/649?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48At the first United Nations–sponsored international conference on population — held in Bucharest, Romania, in 1974 — the United States and other Western nations advocated the implementation of programs aimed...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/7/647?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Allan Rosenfield, M.D., and Karyn SchwartzThu, 17  Feb  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/7/647?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Loss of cognitive function in old age, especially severe cognitive loss due to Alzheimer's disease, is a serious public health problem that will only increase as the number of people...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/3/289?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Denis A. Evans, M.D., and Julia L. Bienias, Sc.D.Thu, 20  Jan  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/3/289?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The adverse effects of excess alcohol intake on cognitive function are well established, but the effect of moderate consumption is uncertain.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> Between 1995 and 2001, we evaluated cognitive function...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/3/245?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Jae Hee Kang, Sc.D., Jennifer Chen, M.P.H., Rebecca Cherry, M.D., and Francine Grodstein, Sc.D.Thu, 20  Jan  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/3/245?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 23-year-old woman who had emigrated from Cameroon two years previously was admitted because of bilateral breast lumps. Her history was unremarkable. On physical examination, several nonpainful, mobile, firm lumps...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/2/e2?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hatem Alkadhi, M.D. and Elisabeth Garzoli, M.D.Thu, 13  Jan  2005 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/352/2/e2?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 42-year-old woman visited the nephrology clinic for an evaluation of chronic microscopic hematuria.<br/><br/>Microscopic hematuria had been detected 14 years earlier during an episode of cystitis. She subsequently had several...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/27/2851?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David J.R. Steele, M.D., and Paul J. Michaels, M.D.Thu, 30  Dec  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/27/2851?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1949, the late Ancel Keys warned of a possible epidemic of obesity.1 Keys wrote that under the right economic and social circumstances, obesity from overeating would be a dominant...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/26/2753?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David R. Jacobs, Jr., Ph.D., and Mark A. Pereira, Ph.D.Thu, 23  Dec  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/26/2753?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Whether higher levels of physical activity can counteract the elevated risk of death associated with adiposity is controversial.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We examined the associations of the body-mass index and physical activity...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/26/2694?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Frank B. Hu, M.D., Walter C. Willett, M.D., Tricia Li, M.D., Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Graham A. Colditz, M.D., and JoAnn E. Manson, M.D.Thu, 23  Dec  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/26/2694?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Celomic epithelial carcinoma of the ovary, in contrast to most other gynecologic cancers, often causes no symptoms in its early stages and is usually diagnosed only after it has spread...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/24/2544?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Tate Thigpen, M.D.Thu, 09  Dec  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/24/2544?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 52-year-old woman visited her gynecologist because of a single episode of painless postmenopausal bleeding. Her last menstrual period had been more than one year previously. A pelvic ultrasonogram showed...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/24/2531?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Richard T. Penson, M.D., Dushyant Sahani, M.D., and Debra A. Bell, M.D.Thu, 09  Dec  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/24/2531?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Epithelial cancer of the ovary is a relatively uncommon gynecologic cancer in the United States, with approximately 25,580 new cases and 16,090 deaths anticipated in 2004.1 Most patients present with...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/24/2519?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Stephen A. Cannistra, M.D.Thu, 09  Dec  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/24/2519?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We evaluated the effect of adding secondary cytoreductive surgery to postoperative chemotherapy on progression-free survival and overall survival among patients who had advanced ovarian cancer and residual tumor exceeding...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/24/2489?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Peter G. Rose, M.D., Stacy Nerenstone, M.D., Mark F. Brady, Ph.D., Daniel Clarke-Pearson, M.D., George Olt, M.D., Stephen C. Rubin, M.D., David H. Moore, M.D., and James M. Small, M.D., Ph.D., for the Gynecologic Oncology GroupThu, 09  Dec  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/24/2489?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Health policy decisions are often controversial, and the recent determination by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) not to grant over-the-counter status to the emergency contraceptive Plan B was no...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/19/2008?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Julie Cantor, J.D., and Ken Baum, M.D., J.D.Thu, 04  Nov  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/19/2008?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The past decade has seen a remarkable shift in the demographics of childbearing in the United States. The number of first births per 1000 women 35 to 39 years of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/19/1927?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Linda J. Heffner, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 04  Nov  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/19/1927?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Turner's syndrome, a disorder in females characterized by the absence of all or part of a normal second sex chromosome, leads to a constellation of physical findings that often includes...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/12/1227?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Virginia P. Sybert, M.D., and Elizabeth McCauley, Ph.D.Thu, 16  Sep  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/12/1227?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The majority of women in Afghanistan have never seen a doctor. Twenty-three years of war destroyed the few existing health care facilities, and women's health has suffered from the violence...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/11/1047?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sima Samar, M.D.Thu, 09  Sep  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/11/1047?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Disruptions in hypothalamic–gonadal and other endocrine axes due to energy deficits are associated with low levels of the adipocyte-secreted hormone leptin and may result in hypothalamic amenorrhea. We hypothesized...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/987?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Corrine K. Welt, M.D., Jean L. Chan, M.D., John Bullen, B.A., Robyn Murphy, M.S., Patricia Smith, B.S., Alex M. DePaoli, M.D., Aspasia Karalis, B.A., and Christos S. Mantzoros, M.D., D.Sc.Thu, 02  Sep  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/987?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In women 70 years of age or older who have early breast cancer, it is unclear whether lumpectomy plus tamoxifen is as effective as lumpectomy followed by tamoxifen plus...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/971?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kevin S. Hughes, M.D., Lauren A. Schnaper, M.D., Donald Berry, Ph.D., Constance Cirrincione, M.S., Beryl McCormick, M.D., Brenda Shank, M.D., Ph.D., Judith Wheeler, B.A., Lorraine A. Champion, M.B., Ch.B., Thomas J. Smith, M.D., Barbara L. Smith, M.D., Ph.D., Charles Shapiro, M.D., Hyman B. Muss, M.D., Eric Winer, M.D., Clifford Hudis, M.D., William Wood, M.D., David Sugarbaker, M.D., I. Craig Henderson, M.D., and Larry Norton, M.D., for the Cancer and Leukemia Group B, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology GroupThu, 02  Sep  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/971?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We determined the effect of breast irradiation plus tamoxifen on disease-free survival and local relapse in women 50 years of age or older who had T1 or T2 node-negative...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/963?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Anthony W. Fyles, M.D., David R. McCready, M.D., Lee A. Manchul, M.D., Maureen E. Trudeau, M.D., Patricia Merante, R.N., Melania Pintilie, M.Sc., Lorna M. Weir, M.D., and Ivo A. Olivotto, M.D.Thu, 02  Sep  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/963?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hypothalamic amenorrhea can be defined as the cessation of menstruation due to a dysfunction of hypothalamic signals to the pituitary gland, resulting in a failure of ovulation. Typically, young women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/959?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rexford S. Ahima, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 02  Sep  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/959?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Breast-conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy is the standard of care for women with small breast cancers who wish to avoid mastectomy. This approach achieves good local control, does not disturb...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/1021?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ian E. Smith, M.D., and Gillian M. Ross, Ph.D.Thu, 02  Sep  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/10/1021?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> No safe and convenient regimen has proved to be effective for the management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> After inducing clinical remission with open-label fluconazole given in three 150-mg doses...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/9/876?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jack D. Sobel, M.D., Harold C. Wiesenfeld, M.D., Mark Martens, M.D., Penny Danna, M.D., Thomas M. Hooton, M.D., Anne Rompalo, M.D., Malcolm Sperling, M.D., Charles Livengood III, M.D., Benson Horowitz, M.D., James Von Thron, M.D., Libby Edwards, M.D., Helene Panzer, Ph.D., and Teng-Chiao Chu, Ph.D.Thu, 26  Aug  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/9/876?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Vulvovaginal symptoms are common, and they represent one of the most frequent reasons for visits to physicians by women in all age groups. Vulvovaginitis is rarely life-threatening, and it is...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/9/851?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David A. Eschenbach, M.D.Thu, 26  Aug  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/9/851?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48When Steven Paget published his theory of “seed and soil” in 1889,1 the idea of hematogenous tumor-cell dissemination was born. More than a century later, with the use of molecular...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/8/824?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Stephan Braun, M.D., and Christian Marth, M.D.Thu, 19  Aug  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/8/824?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48WNT4, a secreted protein that suppresses male sexual differentiation, is thought to repress the biosynthesis of gonadal androgen in female mammals. An 18-year-old woman presented with primary amenorrhea and an...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/8/792?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Anna Biason-Lauber, M.D., Daniel Konrad, M.D., Ph.D., Francesca Navratil, M.D., and Eugen J. Schoenle, M.D.Thu, 19  Aug  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/8/792?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We tested the hypothesis that the level of circulating tumor cells can predict survival in metastatic breast cancer.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> In a prospective, multicenter study, we tested 177 patients with measurable...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/8/781?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Massimo Cristofanilli, M.D., G. Thomas Budd, M.D., Matthew J. Ellis, M.B., Ph.D., Alison Stopeck, M.D., Jeri Matera, B.S., R.Ph., M. Craig Miller, B.S., James M. Reuben, Ph.D., Gerald V. Doyle, D.D.S., W. Jeffrey Allard, Ph.D., Leon W.M.M. Terstappen, M.D., Ph.D., and Daniel F. Hayes, M.D.Thu, 19  Aug  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/8/781?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48It has been an indisputable fact that the constitutive sex in mammalian fetal development is female. Furthermore, a functioning ovary is not required for the female phenotype, whereas a testis...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/8/748?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ieuan A. Hughes, M.D.Thu, 19  Aug  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/8/748?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48An 11-year-old girl presumed to be premenarchal presented to the emergency department with a 24-hour history of constant periumbilical pain that radiated to both flanks. She also noted nausea, urinary...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/7/e6?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sean M. Stone, M.D. and John L. Alexander, M.D.Thu, 12  Aug  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/7/e6?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48More than 275,000 women in the United States will receive a diagnosis of breast cancer this year, and 40,110 women will die of the disease.1 Randomized trials have shown that...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/5/497?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Laura Liberman, M.D.Thu, 29  Jul  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/5/497?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The value of regular surveillance for breast cancer in women with a genetic or familial predisposition to breast cancer is currently unproven. We compared the efficacy of magnetic resonance...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/5/427?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mieke Kriege, M.Sc., Cecile T.M. Brekelmans, M.D., Ph.D., Carla Boetes, M.D., Ph.D., Peter E. Besnard, M.D., Ph.D., Harmine M. Zonderland, M.D., Ph.D., Inge Marie Obdeijn, M.D., Radu A. Manoliu, M.D., Ph.D., Theo Kok, M.D., Ph.D., Hans Peterse, M.D., Madeleine M.A. Tilanus-Linthorst, M.D., Sara H. Muller, M.D., Ph.D., Sybren Meijer, M.D., Ph.D., Jan C. Oosterwijk, M.D., Ph.D., Louk V.A.M. Beex, M.D., Ph.D., Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, M.D., Ph.D., Harry J. de Koning, M.D., Ph.D., Emiel J.T. Rutgers, M.D., Ph.D., and Jan G.M. Klijn, M.D., Ph.D., for the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Screening Study GroupThu, 29  Jul  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/351/5/427?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1856 Rudolph Virchow identified three primary risk factors — commonly called Virchow's triad — for venous thromboembolism: venous stasis, hypercoagulability, and endothelial injury.1 Other risk factors have since been...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/25/2614?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48C. Gregory Elliott, M.D., and Lewis J. Rubin, M.D.Thu, 17  Jun  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/25/2614?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Whether a patient's sex is associated with the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism is unknown.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We studied 826 patients for an average of 36 months after a first episode...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/25/2558?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paul A. Kyrle, M.D., Erich Minar, M.D., Christine Bialonczyk, M.D., Mirko Hirschl, M.D., Ansgar Weltermann, M.D., and Sabine Eichinger, M.D.Thu, 17  Jun  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/25/2558?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48An 88-year-old woman who had been found on the floor next to her wheelchair in the nursing home was referred to our institution because of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. On physical...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/23/e21?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Friedrich Koehler, M.D. and Dietmar Kivelitz, M.D.Thu, 03  Jun  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/23/e21?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The proposal to switch levonorgestrel emergency contraception (sold under the brand name Plan B) to over-the-counter status in the United States is in limbo. In May, the Food and Drug...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/23/2327?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Robert Steinbrook, M.D.Thu, 03  Jun  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/23/2327?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The recent decision by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to postpone a decision on the proposal to switch levonorgestrel emergency contraception (sold under the brand name Plan B) to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/15/1561?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jeffrey M. Drazen, M.D., Michael F. Greene, M.D., and Alastair J.J. Wood, M.D.Thu, 08  Apr  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/15/1561?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast (also called intraductal carcinoma) consists of the clonal proliferation of cells that appear malignant and that accumulate within the lumens of the mammary...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/14/1430?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Harold J. Burstein, M.D., Ph.D., Kornelia Polyak, M.D., Ph.D., Julia S. Wong, M.D., Susan C. Lester, M.D., Ph.D., and Carolyn M. Kaelin, M.D.Thu, 01  Apr  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/14/1430?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Antiresorptive agents are widely used to treat osteoporosis. We report the results of a multinational randomized, double-blind study, in which postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were treated with alendronate for...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/12/1189?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Henry G. Bone, M.D., David Hosking, M.D., Jean-Pierre Devogelaer, M.D., Joseph R. Tucci, M.D., Ronald D. Emkey, M.D., Richard P. Tonino, M.D., Jose Adolfo Rodriguez-Portales, M.D., Robert W. Downs, M.D., Jayanti Gupta, Ph.D., Arthur C. Santora, M.D., Ph.D., and Uri A. Liberman, M.D., Ph.D., for the Alendronate Phase III Osteoporosis Treatment Study GroupThu, 18  Mar  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/12/1189?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Osteoporosis takes an enormous toll among postmenopausal women. A 50-year-old woman in the United States has a 40 percent lifetime risk of an osteoporotic fracture. One woman in three and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/12/1172?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Gordon J. Strewler, M.D.Thu, 18  Mar  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/12/1172?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Since Sir George Beatson observed in 1896 that breast tumors in premenopausal women sometimes regressed after oophorectomy,1 numerous investigations have established that estrogen stimulates the growth of breast-cancer cells. Three...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/11/1140?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Martine J. Piccart-Gebhart, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 11  Mar  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/11/1140?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Tamoxifen, taken for five years, is the standard adjuvant treatment for postmenopausal women with primary, estrogen-receptor–positive breast cancer. Despite this treatment, however, some patients have a relapse.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/11/1081?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48R. Charles Coombes, M.D., Ph.D., Emma Hall, Ph.D., Lorna J. Gibson, M.Phil., Robert Paridaens, M.D., Ph.D., Jacek Jassem, M.D., Ph.D., Thierry Delozier, M.D., Stephen E. Jones, M.D., Isabel Alvarez, M.D., Gianfilippo Bertelli, M.D., Olaf Ortmann, M.D., Ph.D., Alan S. Coates, M.D., Emilio Bajetta, M.D., David Dodwell, M.D., Robert E. Coleman, M.D., Lesley J. Fallowfield, D.Phil., Elizabeth Mickiewicz, M.D., Jorn Andersen, D.M.Sc., Per E. Lønning, M.D., Ph.D., Giorgio Cocconi, M.D., Ph.D., Alan Stewart, M.D., Nick Stuart, D.M., Claire F. Snowdon, M.Sc., Marina Carpentieri, Ph.D., Giorgio Massimini, M.D., and Judith M. Bliss, M.Sc., for the Intergroup Exemestane StudyThu, 11  Mar  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/11/1081?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Although the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial of estrogen plus progestin in postmenopausal women identified more overall health risks than benefits among women in the hormone group, the use...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/10/991?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rowan T. Chlebowski, M.D., Ph.D., Jean Wactawski-Wende, Ph.D., Cheryl Ritenbaugh, Ph.D., M.P.H., F. Allan Hubbell, M.D., M.S.P.H., Joao Ascensao, M.D., Ph.D., Rebecca J. Rodabough, M.S., Carol A. Rosenberg, M.D., Victoria M. Taylor, M.D., M.P.H., Randall Harris, M.D., Ph.D., Chu Chen, Ph.D., Lucile L. Adams-Campbell, Ph.D., and Emily White, Ph.D., for the Women's Health Initiative InvestigatorsThu, 04  Mar  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/10/991?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Osteoporosis was originally described in literature and art hundreds of years ago. Our ability to treat this disease lay dormant for centuries, but in the past 10 years, clinical trials...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/5/504?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 29  Jan  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/5/504?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Osteoporotic structural damage and bone fragility result from reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption. In a phase 2 clinical trial, strontium ranelate, an orally active drug that dissociates...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/5/459?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Pierre J. Meunier, M.D., Christian Roux, M.D., Ph.D., Ego Seeman, M.D., Sergio Ortolani, M.D., Janusz E. Badurski, M.D., Tim D. Spector, M.D., Jorge Cannata, M.D., Adam Balogh, M.D., Ernst-Martin Lemmel, M.D., Stig Pors-Nielsen, M.D., René Rizzoli, M.D., Harry K. Genant, M.D., and Jean-Yves Reginster, M.D.Thu, 29  Jan  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/5/459?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The signing into law of the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003 by President George W. Bush has brought to the surface, yet again, the bitterly divisive subject of abortion....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/2/184?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael F. Greene, M.D., and Jeffrey L. Ecker, M.D.Thu, 08  Jan  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/2/184?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Nucleoside analogues against herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been shown to suppress shedding of HSV type 2 (HSV-2) on genital mucosal surfaces and may prevent sexual transmission of HSV.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em>...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/1/11?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lawrence Corey, M.D., Anna Wald, M.D., M.P.H., Raj Patel, M.B., Ch.B., Stephen L. Sacks, M.D., Stephen K. Tyring, M.D., Ph.D., Terri Warren, M.S., John M. Douglas, Jr., M.D., Jorma Paavonen, M.D., R. Ashley Morrow, Ph.D., Karl R. Beutner, M.D., Ph.D., Leonid S. Stratchounsky, M.D., Ph.D., Gregory Mertz, M.D., Oliver N. Keene, M.Sc., M.A., Helen A. Watson, M.Sc., Dereck Tait, M.B., Ch.B., and Mauricio Vargas-Cortes, Ph.D., for the Valacyclovir HSV Transmission Study GroupThu, 01  Jan  2004 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/350/1/11?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 33-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of gross hematuria.<br/><br/>The patient had been in stable health until four days earlier, when gross hematuria developed, with passage of clots...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/25/2442?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Niall M. Heney, M.D., and Robert H. Young, M.D.Thu, 18  Dec  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/25/2442?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 19-year-old woman visits her primary care provider for counseling about contraception. She became sexually active one year previously and has had a new sexual partner for the past three...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/25/2424?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jeffrey F. Peipert, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 18  Dec  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/25/2424?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 22-year-old woman who wants to become pregnant has had no menses since she discontinued the use of an oral contraceptive one year ago, and recently, galactorrhea developed. She takes...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/21/2035?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Janet A. Schlechte, M.D.Thu, 20  Nov  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/21/2035?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Five years of tamoxifen therapy is the standard adjuvant endocrine therapy for early-stage, hormone-receptor–positive breast cancer.123 Randomized trials have demonstrated the superiority of five years of treatment over shorter durations...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/19/1857?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Harold J. Burstein, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 06  Nov  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/19/1857?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In this issue of the Journal, Goss et al.1 report results from a trial that will have a considerable effect on the treatment of early-stage breast cancer. The study was...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/19/1855?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48John Bryant, Ph.D., and Norman Wolmark, M.D.Thu, 06  Nov  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/19/1855?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A healthy 19-year-old woman comes in for a routine appointment. She is sexually active in a monogamous relationship. Pregnancy is not currently desired. Her partner uses condoms most of the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/19/1830?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Carolyn Westhoff, M.D.Thu, 06  Nov  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/19/1830?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In hormone-dependent breast cancer, five years of postoperative tamoxifen therapy — but not tamoxifen therapy of longer duration — prolongs disease-free and overall survival. The aromatase inhibitor letrozole, by...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/19/1793?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paul E. Goss, M.D., Ph.D., James N. Ingle, M.D., Silvana Martino, D.O., Nicholas J. Robert, M.D., Hyman B. Muss, M.D., Martine J. Piccart, M.D., Ph.D., Monica Castiglione, M.D., Dongsheng Tu, Ph.D., Lois E. Shepherd, M.D., Kathleen I. Pritchard, M.D., Robert B. Livingston, M.D., Nancy E. Davidson, M.D., Larry Norton, M.D., Edith A. Perez, M.D., Jeffrey S. Abrams, M.D., Patrick Therasse, M.D., Michael J. Palmer, M.Sc., and Joseph L. Pater, M.D.Thu, 06  Nov  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/19/1793?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 37-year-old woman was referred to the colposcopy clinic because of two Papanicolaou smears showing atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US).<br/><br/>One and two years previously, the patient had had...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/16/1555?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Annekathryn Goodman, M.D., and David C. Wilbur, M.D.Thu, 16  Oct  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/16/1555?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Although contemporary guidelines suggest that the intervals between Papanicolaou tests can be extended to three years among low-risk women with previous negative tests, the excess risk of cervical cancer...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/16/1501?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48George F. Sawaya, M.D., K. John McConnell, Ph.D., Shalini L. Kulasingam, Ph.D., Herschel W. Lawson, M.D., Karla Kerlikowske, M.D., Joy Melnikow, M.D., M.P.H., Nancy C. Lee, M.D., Ginny Gildengorin, Ph.D., Evan R. Myers, M.D., M.P.H., and A. Eugene Washington, M.D.Thu, 16  Oct  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/16/1501?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Over the past 60 years, the mortality from cervical cancer — once one of the most common and lethal cancers in women in the United States — has decreased dramatically....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/16/1495?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sarah Feldman, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 16  Oct  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/16/1495?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A healthy, sexually active, 35-year-old woman presents for advice about the use of oral contraceptives. She does not smoke cigarettes and has no personal or family history of venous thromboembolism,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/15/1443?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Diana B. Petitti, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 09  Oct  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/15/1443?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The past 10 years have witnessed tremendous advances in our ability to treat osteoporosis. The old mainstays of therapy, estrogen and calcitonin, have fallen out of favor because of concern...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/13/1277?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sundeep Khosla, M.D.Thu, 25  Sep  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/13/1277?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Parathyroid hormone increases bone strength primarily by stimulating bone formation, whereas antiresorptive drugs reduce bone resorption. We conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical study of parathyroid hormone and alendronate to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/13/1207?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dennis M. Black, Ph.D., Susan L. Greenspan, M.D., Kristine E. Ensrud, M.D., M.P.H., Lisa Palermo, M.A., Joan A. McGowan, Ph.D.,Thomas F. Lang, Ph.D., Patrick Garnero, Ph.D., Mary L. Bouxsein, Ph.D., John P. Bilezikian, M.D., and Clifford J. Rosen, M.D., for the PaTH Study InvestigatorsThu, 25  Sep  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/13/1207?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 51-year-old, premenopausal woman came to this hospital with a newly diagnosed breast carcinoma and a strong family history of breast cancer.<br/><br/>Three months earlier, on physical examination at another institution,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/11/1076?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paula D. Ryan, M.D., Ph.D., Daniel A. Haber, M.D., Ph.D., Kristen M. Shannon, M.S., C.G.C., Barbara L. Smith, M.D., Ph.D., and Melinda J. Fan, M.D.Thu, 11  Sep  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/11/1076?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 20-year-old woman presents with fatigue; laboratory tests reveal a serum potassium level of 2.3 mmol per liter and a serum bicarbonate level of 36 mmol per liter. She is...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/9/875?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Philip S. Mehler, M.D.Thu, 28  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/9/875?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome most often occurs as an iatrogenic complication of ovarian-stimulation treatments for in vitro fertilization (the incidence of severe forms ranges from 0.5 to 5 percent).1 The...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/8/760?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Guillaume Smits, M.D., Olufemi Olatunbosun, M.B., Anne Delbaere, M.D., Ph.D., Roger Pierson, Ph.D., Gilbert Vassart, M.D., Ph.D., and Sabine Costagliola, Ph.D.Thu, 21  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/8/760?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a rare event, in contrast to iatrogenic ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, which is induced with the use of gonadotropins in assisted reproductive medicine. The pathological features...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/8/753?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Claudine Vasseur, M.D., Patrice Rodien, M.D., Ph.D., Isabelle Beau, Ph.D., Agnès Desroches, A.E., Capucine Gérard, M.D., Loïc de Poncheville, M.D., Stéphanie Chaplot, M.D., Frédérique Savagner, Pharm.D., Ph.D., Anne Croué, M.D., Elisabeth Mathieu, Pharm.D., Najiba Lahlou, M.D., Philippe Descamps, M.D., and Micheline Misrahi, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 21  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/8/753?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is an iatrogenic complication of ovulation-induction therapy. In its most severe form, this syndrome involves massive ovarian enlargement and the formation of multiple ovarian cysts, fluid...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/8/729?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ursula Brigitte Kaiser, M.D.Thu, 21  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/8/729?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The technique of the sentinel-node biopsy has reoriented our understanding of the dynamics between a solid tumor and its associated lymphatic collection system.1234 Moreover, the sentinel-node biopsy is an excellent...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/603?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David Krag, M.D., and Takamaru Ashikaga, Ph.D.Thu, 07  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/603?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Although numerous studies have shown that the status of the sentinel node is an accurate predictor of the status of the axillary nodes in breast cancer, the efficacy and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/546?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Umberto Veronesi, M.D., Giovanni Paganelli, M.D., Giuseppe Viale, F.R.C.Path., Alberto Luini, M.D., Stefano Zurrida, M.D., Viviana Galimberti, M.D., Mattia Intra, M.D., Paolo Veronesi, M.D., Chris Robertson, Ph.D., Patrick Maisonneuve, Eng., Giuseppe Renne, M.D., Concetta De Cicco, M.D., Francesca De Lucia, M.D., and Roberto Gennari, M.D.Thu, 07  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/546?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease, conjugated equine estrogen with or without continuous administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate has failed to slow the progression of atherosclerosis. Whether 17β-estradiol (the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/535?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Howard N. Hodis, M.D., Wendy J. Mack, Ph.D., Stanley P. Azen, Ph.D., Roger A. Lobo, M.D., Donna Shoupe, M.D., Peter R. Mahrer, M.D., David P. Faxon, M.D., Linda Cashin-Hemphill, M.D., Miguel E. Sanmarco, M.D., William J. French, M.D., Thomas L. Shook, M.D., Thomas D. Gaarder, M.D., Anilkumar O. Mehra, M.D., Ramin Rabbani, M.D., Alex Sevanian, Ph.D., Asit B. Shil, M.D., Mina Torres, M.S., K. Heiner Vogelbach, M.D., and Robert H. Selzer, M.S., for the Women's Estrogen–Progestin Lipid-Lowering Hormone Atherosclerosis Regression Trial Research GroupThu, 07  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/535?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Recent randomized clinical trials have suggested that estrogen plus progestin does not confer cardiac protection and may increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). In this report, we...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/523?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., Judith Hsia, M.D., Karen C. Johnson, M.D., M.P.H., Jacques E. Rossouw, M.D., Annlouise R. Assaf, Ph.D., Norman L. Lasser, M.D., Ph.D., Maurizio Trevisan, M.D., Henry R. Black, M.D., Susan R. Heckbert, M.D., Ph.D., Robert Detrano, M.D., Ph.D., Ora L. Strickland, Ph.D., Nathan D. Wong, Ph.D., John R. Crouse, M.D., Evan Stein, M.D., and Mary Cushman, M.D., for the Women's Health Initiative InvestigatorsThu, 07  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/523?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Eighteen years ago, the Journal published two observational studies12 of the relations between postmenopausal hormone-replacement therapy and cardiovascular diseases. One found that women who used such therapy had about half...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/521?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48John Bailar, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 07  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/521?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48During the past decade, postmenopausal hormone therapy became one of the most frequently prescribed therapies in the United States, with a highly diversified portfolio of presumed benefits for postmenopausal women....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/519?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David M. Herrington, M.D., M.H.S., and Timothy D. Howard, Ph.D.Thu, 07  Aug  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/6/519?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 10-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever.<br/><br/>She had been in excellent health until about 18 months earlier, when she had the first...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/5/486?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Dawn M. McGee, M.D., Susan A. Connolly, M.D., and Robert H. Young, M.D.Thu, 31  Jul  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/5/486?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Bone loss increases after menopause. However, bone strength also depends on structural characteristics such as bone size. Whether bone size increases as a result of periosteal apposition and whether...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/4/327?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Henrik G. Ahlborg, M.D., Olof Johnell, M.D., Ph.D., Charles H. Turner, Ph.D., Gunnar Rannevik, M.D., Ph.D., and Magnus K. Karlsson, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 24  Jul  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/4/327?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Life forms that have low body mass can hunt for food on the undersurface of branches or along shear cliff faces quite unperturbed by gravity. For larger animals, the hunt...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/4/320?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ego Seeman, M.D.Thu, 24  Jul  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/4/320?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 28-year-old woman telephones her physician to report dysuria and urinary urgency during the preceding three days. She has had several previous urinary tract infections, including three during the past...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/3/259?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Stephan D. Fihn, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 17  Jul  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/349/3/259?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48It has become almost a platitude to lament the complexity and intractability of the problem of preterm delivery, the poor predictive value of screening tests for its occurrence, its resistance...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/24/2453?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael F. Greene, M.D.Thu, 12  Jun  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/24/2453?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The third-generation aromatase inhibitors provide novel approaches to the endocrine treatment of breast cancer. These drugs are effectively challenging tamoxifen, the previous gold standard of care,12345678910111213 for use in postmenopausal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/24/2431?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ian E. Smith, M.D., and Mitch Dowsett, Ph.D.Thu, 12  Jun  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/24/2431?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women who have had a spontaneous preterm delivery are at greatly increased risk for preterm delivery in subsequent pregnancies. The results of several small trials have suggested that 17...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/24/2379?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paul J. Meis, M.D., Mark Klebanoff, M.D., Elizabeth Thom, Ph.D., Mitchell P. Dombrowski, M.D., Baha Sibai, M.D., Atef H. Moawad, M.D., Catherine Y. Spong, M.D., John C. Hauth, M.D., Menachem Miodovnik, M.D., Michael W. Varner, M.D., Kenneth J. Leveno, M.D., Steve N. Caritis, M.D., Jay D. Iams, M.D., Ronald J. Wapner, M.D., Deborah Conway, M.D., Mary J. O'Sullivan, M.D., Marshall Carpenter, M.D., Brian Mercer, M.D., Susan M. Ramin, M.D., John M. Thorp, M.D., and Alan M. Peaceman, M.D., for the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal–Fetal Medicine Units NetworkThu, 12  Jun  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/24/2379?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Much current epidemiologic research aims to find the factors that trigger the development of breast cancer in women who are genetically predisposed to it. In this issue of the Journal,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/23/2352?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Patricia Hartge, Sc.D.Thu, 05  Jun  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/23/2352?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Despite years of intensive study and substantial progress in understanding susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer, these diseases remain important causes of death in women. However, several recent critical advances...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/23/2339?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Richard Wooster, Ph.D., and Barbara L. Weber, M.D.Thu, 05  Jun  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/23/2339?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Breast cancer is thought to result from excessive cumulative exposure to ovarian hormones. Different predictors of hereditary and sporadic breast cancer suggest different pathogenic mechanisms. Affected twin pairs may...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/23/2313?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ann S. Hamilton, Ph.D., and Thomas M. Mack, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 05  Jun  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/23/2313?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and other clinical trials indicate that significant health risks are associated with combination hormone use. Less is known about the effect of hormone therapy...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/19/1839?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jennifer Hays, Ph.D., Judith K. Ockene, Ph.D., Robert L. Brunner, Ph.D., Jane M. Kotchen, M.D., M.P.H., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., Ruth E. Patterson, Ph.D., R.D., Aaron K. Aragaki, M.S., Sally A. Shumaker, Ph.D., Robert G. Brzyski, M.D., Ph.D., Andrea Z. LaCroix, M.P.H., Ph.D., Iris A. Granek, M.D., and Barbara G. Valanis, M.D., for the Women's Health Initiative InvestigatorsThu, 08  May  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/19/1839?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Over the past two decades, multiple observational studies have suggested that postmenopausal hormone therapy reduces the risks of osteoporotic fractures and coronary heart disease. On the basis of this evidence,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/19/1835?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Deborah Grady, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 08  May  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/19/1835?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 44-year-old woman who is a new patient has no known current health problems and no family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Eighteen months ago, she had a normal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/17/1672?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Suzanne W. Fletcher, M.D., and Joann G. Elmore, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 24  Apr  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/17/1672?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Environmental lead exposure has been linked to alterations in growth and endocrine function. It is not known whether such exposure affects pubertal development.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We analyzed the relations between blood...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/16/1527?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sherry G. Selevan, Ph.D., Deborah C. Rice, Ph.D., Karen A. Hogan, M.S., Susan Y. Euling, Ph.D., Andrea Pfahles-Hutchens, M.S., and James Bethel, Ph.D.Thu, 17  Apr  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/16/1527?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> It is uncertain whether women who deliver by cesarean section have an increased risk of urinary incontinence as compared with nulliparous women and whether women who deliver vaginally have...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/10/900?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Guri Rortveit, M.D., Anne Kjersti Daltveit, Ph.D., Yngvild S. Hannestad, M.D., and Steinar Hunskaar, M.D., Ph.D., for the Norwegian EPINCONT StudyThu, 06  Mar  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/10/900?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Recent findings from clinical trials examining the relation between postmenopausal hormone therapy and coronary heart disease12 have appeared to be widely divergent from the results of earlier observational studies. In...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/7/645?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Francine Grodstein, Sc.D., Thomas B. Clarkson, D.V.M., and JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H.Thu, 13  Feb  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/7/645?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs) represent a major therapeutic advance for clinical practice. Unlike estrogens, which are uniformly agonists, and antiestrogens, which are uniformly antagonists, the SERMs exert selective agonist...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/7/618?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48B. Lawrence Riggs, M.D., and Lynn C. Hartmann, M.D.Thu, 13  Feb  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/7/618?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In May 2002, the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial of daily combined therapy with estrogen and progestin was terminated early. The reason for stopping was an increased risk of breast...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/7/579?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Caren G. Solomon, M.D., and Robert G. Dluhy, M.D.Thu, 13  Feb  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/7/579?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer, but the risk associated with the various HPV types has not been adequately assessed.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We pooled...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/6/518?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Nubia Muñoz, M.D., F. Xavier Bosch, M.D., Silvia de Sanjosé, M.D., Rolando Herrero, M.D., Xavier Castellsagué, M.D., Keerti V. Shah, Ph.D., Peter J.F. Snijders, Ph.D., and Chris J.L.M. Meijer, M.D., for the International Agency for Research on Cancer Multicenter Cervical Cancer Study GroupThu, 06  Feb  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/6/518?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48It is now clear that virtually all squamous-cell cervical carcinomas contain one of 18 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA, as shown definitively in the article by Muñoz et al....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/6/489?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thomas C. Wright, Jr., M.D., and Mark Schiffman, M.D.Thu, 06  Feb  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/6/489?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 33-year-old woman without a history of psychiatric illness presents with marked irritability, periods of crying, mood swings, severe fatigue, and increased appetite associated with a craving for carbohydrates. These...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/5/433?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Tana A. Grady-Weliky, M.D.Thu, 30  Jan  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/5/433?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1847, the Scottish obstetrician James Simpson administered ether to a woman during labor to treat the pain of childbirth. He was impressed with the degree of analgesia associated with...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/4/319?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Holger K. Eltzschig, M.D., Ellice S. Lieberman, M.D., Dr.P.H., and William R. Camann, M.D.Thu, 23  Jan  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/4/319?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In patients with amenorrhea and infertility, increased levels of serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone are usually due to primary gonadal failure, whereas a selective increase in luteinizing hormone can...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/4/312?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Boaz Hirshberg, M.D., P. Michael Conn, Ph.D., Gabriel I. Uwaifo, M.D., Keith L. Blauer, M.D., Bradly D. Clark, M.D., and Lynnette K. Nieman, M.D.Thu, 23  Jan  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/4/312?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Although tumor-infiltrating T cells have been documented in ovarian carcinoma, a clear association with clinical outcome has not been established.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We performed immunohistochemical analysis of 186 frozen specimens from...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/3/203?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lin Zhang, M.D., Jose R. Conejo-Garcia, M.D., Ph.D., Dionyssios Katsaros, M.D., Ph.D., Phyllis A. Gimotty, Ph.D., Marco Massobrio, M.D., Giorgia Regnani, M.D., Antonis Makrigiannakis, M.D., Ph.D., Heidi Gray, M.D., Katia Schlienger, M.D., Ph.D., Michael N. Liebman, Ph.D., Stephen C. Rubin, M.D., and George Coukos, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 16  Jan  2003 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/348/3/203?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Breast cancer affects about 10 percent of women in Western countries and is still a major cause of illness and death. Most patients with lymph-node–negative disease (i.e., with no evidence...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/25/2067?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 19  Dec  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/25/2067?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> A more accurate means of prognostication in breast cancer will improve the selection of patients for adjuvant systemic therapy.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> Using microarray analysis to evaluate our previously established 70-gene prognosis...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/25/1999?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Marc J. van de Vijver, M.D., Ph.D., Yudong D. He, Ph.D., Laura J. van 't Veer, Ph.D., Hongyue Dai, Ph.D., Augustinus A.M. Hart, M.Sc., Dorien W. Voskuil, Ph.D., George J. Schreiber, M.Sc., Johannes L. Peterse, M.D., Chris Roberts, Ph.D., Matthew J. Marton, Ph.D., Mark Parrish, Douwe Atsma, Anke Witteveen, Annuska Glas, Ph.D., Leonie Delahaye, Tony van der Velde, Harry Bartelink, M.D., Ph.D., Sjoerd Rodenhuis, M.D., Ph.D., Emiel T. Rutgers, M.D., Ph.D., Stephen H. Friend, M.D., Ph.D., and René Bernards, Ph.D.Thu, 19  Dec  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/25/1999?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The search for markers that can predict the outcome in an individual patient with cancer or the response of an individual tumor to specific therapies is a major focus of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/25/1995?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 19  Dec  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/25/1995?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In this issue of the Journal, Koutsky et al.1 complete a 20-year odyssey that began with the isolation of the cancer-causing human papillomaviruses (HPVs).23 In 1983, investigators in zur Hausen's...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/21/1703?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 21  Nov  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/21/1703?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Approximately 20 percent of adults become infected with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16). 02112129.xml Although most infections are benign, some progress to anogenital cancer. A vaccine that reduces the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/21/1645?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Laura A. Koutsky, Ph.D., Kevin A. Ault, M.D., Cosette M. Wheeler, Ph.D., Darron R. Brown, M.D., Eliav Barr, M.D., Frances B. Alvarez, R.N., Lisa M. Chiacchierini, Ph.D., and Kathrin U. Jansen, Ph.D., for the Proof of Principle Study InvestigatorsThu, 21  Nov  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/21/1645?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The application of quantitative bacteriology to urine cultures almost five decades ago led to prospective scientific investigations of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urinary tract infections.1 Numerous...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/20/1617?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 14  Nov  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/20/1617?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common among women with diabetes, and the treatment of such infections has been recommended to prevent complications related to symptomatic urinary tract infection.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We enrolled women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/20/1576?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Godfrey K.M. Harding, M.D., George G. Zhanel, Ph.D., Lindsay E. Nicolle, M.D., and Mary Cheang, M.Math.(Stat.), for the Manitoba Diabetes Urinary Tract Infection Study GroupThu, 14  Nov  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/20/1576?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Cyclin E, a regulator of the cell cycle, affects the behavior of breast-cancer cells. We investigated whether levels of cyclin E in the tumor correlated with survival among patients...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/20/1566?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Khandan Keyomarsi, Ph.D., Susan L. Tucker, Ph.D., Thomas A. Buchholz, M.D., Matthew Callister, M.D., Ye Ding, Ph.D., Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, M.D., Isabelle Bedrosian, M.D., Christopher Knickerbocker, M.S., Wendy Toyofuku, B.S., Michael Lowe, B.S., Thaddeus W. Herliczek, M.D., and Sarah S. Bacus, Ph.D.Thu, 14  Nov  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/20/1566?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48An early and essential event in the evolution of cancer is loss of the normal control mechanisms responsible for the orderly progression of cells through the cell cycle, with consequent...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/20/1546?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 14  Nov  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/20/1546?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The Digitalis Investigation Group trial reported that treatment with digoxin did not decrease overall mortality among patients with heart failure and depressed left ventricular systolic function, although it did...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/18/1403?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Saif S. Rathore, M.P.H., Yongfei Wang, M.S., and Harlan M. Krumholz, M.D.Thu, 31  Oct  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/18/1403?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Heart failure is a major public health problem. Long-term trends in the incidence of heart failure and survival after its onset in the community have not been characterized.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/18/1397?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Daniel Levy, M.D., Satish Kenchaiah, M.D., Martin G. Larson, S.D., Emelia J. Benjamin, M.D., Sc.D., Michelle J. Kupka, M.A., Kalon K.L. Ho, M.D., Joanne M. Murabito, M.D., and Ramachandran S. Vasan, M.D.Thu, 31  Oct  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/18/1397?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hysterectomy is second only to cesarean section as the most frequently performed major operation in the United States. An estimated 633,000 hysterectomies are performed annually.1 Rates of hysterectomy vary significantly...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/17/1360?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 24  Oct  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/17/1360?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> It is uncertain whether subtotal abdominal hysterectomy results in better bladder, bowel, or sexual function than total abdominal hysterectomy.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial comparing total and subtotal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/17/1318?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ranee Thakar, M.D., Susan Ayers, Ph.D., Peter Clarkson, M.D., Stuart Stanton, M.D., and Isaac Manyonda, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 24  Oct  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/17/1318?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In a 1976 lecture to the Society of Surgical Oncology, the late Jerome Urban lamented the loss of a rational approach to the treatment of breast cancer, which he thought...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/16/1270?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 17  Oct  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/16/1270?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In 1976, we initiated a randomized trial to determine whether lumpectomy with or without radiation therapy was as effective as total mastectomy for the treatment of invasive breast cancer.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em>...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/16/1233?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bernard Fisher, M.D., Stewart Anderson, Ph.D., John Bryant, Ph.D., Richard G. Margolese, M.D., Melvin Deutsch, M.D., Edwin R. Fisher, M.D., Jong-Hyeon Jeong, Ph.D., and Norman Wolmark, M.D.Thu, 17  Oct  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/16/1233?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We conducted 20 years of follow-up of women enrolled in a randomized trial to compare the efficacy of radical (Halsted) mastectomy with that of breast-conserving surgery.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> From 1973 to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/16/1227?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Umberto Veronesi, M.D., Natale Cascinelli, M.D., Luigi Mariani, M.D., Marco Greco, M.D., Roberto Saccozzi, M.D., Alberto Luini, M.D., Marisel Aguilar, M.D., and Ettore Marubini, Ph.D.Thu, 17  Oct  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/16/1227?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women with extensive dense breast tissue visible on a mammogram have a risk of breast cancer that is 1.8 to 6.0 times that of women of the same age...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/12/886?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Norman F. Boyd, M.D., Gillian S. Dite, B.Sc., Jennifer Stone, M.Sc., Anoma Gunasekara, B.Sc., Dallas R. English, Ph.D., Margaret R.E. McCredie, Ph.D., Graham G. Giles, Ph.D., David Tritchler, D.Sc., Anna Chiarelli, Ph.D., Martin J. Yaffe, Ph.D., and John L. Hopper, Ph.D.Thu, 19  Sep  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/12/886?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48There is great variation among women in the density of breast parenchyma as seen on mammograms. Mammographic density also varies inversely with age. Thus, younger women tend to have denser...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/12/866?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 19  Sep  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/12/866?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48On February 14, 2001, more than 70 organizations, including the American Public Health Association, filed a Citizen's Petition with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), requesting that emergency hormonal contraception...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/11/846?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 12  Sep  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/11/846?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48“Lucy” is a fossilized female australopithecus, a member of an advanced genus of hominids who walked upright approximately 4 million years ago.1 Today, walking remains a major form of physical...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/10/755?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 05  Sep  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/10/755?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The role of walking, as compared with vigorous exercise, in the prevention of cardiovascular disease remains controversial. Data for women who are members of minority racial or ethnic groups...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/10/716?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., Philip Greenland, M.D., Andrea Z. LaCroix, Ph.D., Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D., Charles P. Mouton, M.D., Albert Oberman, M.D., M.P.H., Michael G. Perri, Ph.D., David S. Sheps, M.D., Mary B. Pettinger, M.S., and David S. Siscovick, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 05  Sep  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/10/716?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In women with breast cancer, the role of radical mastectomy, as compared with less extensive surgery, has been a matter of debate. We report 25-year findings of a randomized...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/8/567?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bernard Fisher, M.D., Jong-Hyeon Jeong, Ph.D., Stewart Anderson, Ph.D., John Bryant, Ph.D., Edwin R. Fisher, M.D., and Norman Wolmark, M.D.Thu, 22  Aug  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/8/567?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A woman visits the doctor for her six-week postpartum evaluation. She reports that she cannot sleep even if her baby sleeps. She cries daily and worries constantly. She does not...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/3/194?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Katherine L. Wisner, M.D., Barbara L. Parry, M.D., and Catherine M. Piontek, M.D.Thu, 18  Jul  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/347/3/194?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The development of oral contraceptives stands as a major advance in women's health in the past century. By virtue of their ability to prevent pregnancy in 99 percent of women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/26/2078?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 27  Jun  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/26/2078?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> It is uncertain whether the use of an oral contraceptive increases the risk of breast cancer later in life, when the incidence of breast cancer is increased. We conducted...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/26/2025?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Polly A. Marchbanks, Ph.D., Jill A. McDonald, Ph.D., Hoyt G. Wilson, Ph.D., Suzanne G. Folger, Ph.D., Michele G. Mandel, B.A., Janet R. Daling, Ph.D., Leslie Bernstein, Ph.D., Kathleen E. Malone, Ph.D., Giske Ursin, M.D., Ph.D., Brian L. Strom, M.D., M.P.H., Sandra A. Norman, Ph.D., Phyllis A. Wingo, Ph.D., Ronald T. Burkman, M.D., Jesse A. Berlin, Sc.D., Michael S. Simon, M.D., M.P.H., Robert Spirtas, Dr.P.H., and Linda K. Weiss, Ph.D.Thu, 27  Jun  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/26/2025?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes encode proteins that participate in the cellular response to DNA damage; inactivating mutations in these genes heighten susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancers. The mechanism...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/21/1660?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 23  May  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/21/1660?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Data concerning the efficacy of bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy for reducing the risk of gynecologic cancer in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are limited. We investigated whether this procedure...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/21/1616?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Timothy R. Rebbeck, Ph.D., Henry T. Lynch, M.D., Susan L. Neuhausen, Ph.D., Steven A. Narod, M.D., Laura van't Veer, Ph.D., Judy E. Garber, M.D., M.P.H., Gareth Evans, M.D., Claudine Isaacs, M.D., Mary B. Daly, M.D., Ph.D., Ellen Matloff, M.S., Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, M.D., and Barbara L. Weber, M.D., for the Prevention and Observation of Surgical End Points Study GroupThu, 23  May  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/21/1616?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy is often considered by carriers of BRCA mutations who have completed childbearing. However, there are limited data supporting the efficacy of this approach. We prospectively compared the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/21/1609?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Noah D. Kauff, M.D., Jaya M. Satagopan, Ph.D., Mark E. Robson, M.D., Lauren Scheuer, M.S., Martee Hensley, M.D., Clifford A. Hudis, M.D., Nathan A. Ellis, Ph.D., Jeff Boyd, Ph.D., Patrick I. Borgen, M.D., Richard R. Barakat, M.D., Larry Norton, M.D., Mercedes Castiel, M.D., Khedoudja Nafa, Ph.D., and Kenneth Offit, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 23  May  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/21/1609?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In September 2000, a physician in northern California described four patients with persistent, culture-negative boils on the lower extremities. The patients had received pedicures at the same nail salon....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/18/1366?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kevin L. Winthrop, M.D., Marcy Abrams, R.N., Mitchell Yakrus, M.S., M.P.H., Ira Schwartz, R.N., M.P.H., Janet Ely, B.A., Duncan Gillies, B.A., and Duc J. Vugia, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 02  May  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/18/1366?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Male circumcision is probably one of the oldest surgical procedures and is still the most common. Globally, about one man in four is likely to undergo circumcision for various reasons.1...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/15/1160?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 11  Apr  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/15/1160?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> It is uncertain whether male circumcision reduces the risks of penile human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the man and of cervical cancer in his female partner.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We pooled data...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/15/1105?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Xavier Castellsagué, M.D., F. Xavier Bosch, M.D., Nubia Muñoz, M.D., Chris J.L.M. Meijer, Ph.D., Keerti V. Shah, Dr.P.H., Silvia de Sanjosé, M.D., José Eluf-Neto, M.D., Corazon A. Ngelangel, M.D., Saibua Chichareon, M.D., Jennifer S. Smith, Ph.D., Rolando Herrero, M.D., Victor Moreno, M.D., and Silvia Franceschi, M.D., for the International Agency for Research on Cancer Multicenter Cervical Cancer Study GroupThu, 11  Apr  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/15/1105?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Sequence variants in the gene encoding estrogen receptor α (ER-α) may modify the effects of hormone-replacement therapy on levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and other outcomes related to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/13/967?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David M. Herrington, M.D., Timothy D. Howard, Ph.D., Gregory A. Hawkins, Ph.D., David M. Reboussin, Ph.D., Jianfeng Xu, M.D., Dr.P.H., Siqun L. Zheng, M.D., K. Bridget Brosnihan, Ph.D., Deborah A. Meyers, Ph.D., and Eugene R. Bleecker, M.D.Thu, 28  Mar  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/13/967?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48For many years, the conventional wisdom, backed by observational epidemiologic studies, has held that “replacement” of estrogen after menopause would restore the relative protection from cardiovascular disease enjoyed by premenopausal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/13/1017?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 28  Mar  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/13/1017?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Bisphosphonates are effective agents for the management of osteoporosis. 02022827.xml Their low bioavailability and low potency necessitate frequent administration on an empty stomach, which may reduce compliance. 02022827.xml Gastrointestinal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/9/653?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ian R. Reid, M.D., Jacques P. Brown, M.D., Peter Burckhardt, M.D., Zebulun Horowitz, M.D., Peter Richardson, M.R.C.P., Ulrich Trechsel, M.D., Albert Widmer, Dipl.Stat., Jean-Pierre Devogelaer, M.D., Jean-Marc Kaufman, M.D., Ph.D., Philippe Jaeger, M.D., Jean-Jacques Body, M.D., Ph.D., Maria Luisa Brandi, M.D., Johann Broell, M.D., Raffaele Di Micco, M.D., Andrea Riccardo Genazzani, M.D., Dieter Felsenberg, M.D., Joachim Happ, M.D., Michael J. Hooper, F.R.A.C.P., Jochen Ittner, M.D., Georg Leb, M.D., Hans Mallmin, M.D., Ph.D., Timothy Murray, M.D., Sergio Ortolani, M.D., Alessandro Rubinacci, M.D., Maria Sääf, M.D., Ph.D., Goran Samsioe, M.D., Ph.D., Leon Verbruggen, M.D., Ph.D., and Pierre J. Meunier, M.D.Thu, 28  Feb  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/9/653?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Estrogens have widespread biologic actions, and there are naturally occurring phytoestrogens that mimic some of the actions of endogenously produced estrogens. In this review, we will focus on new biochemical...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/5/340?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Christian J. Gruber, M.D., Walter Tschugguel, M.D., Christian Schneeberger, Ph.D., and Johannes C. Huber, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 31  Jan  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/5/340?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48A 58-year-old woman was evaluated at the hospital because of loss of vision in her right eye.<br/><br/>The patient had been in good general health until six months earlier, when narrow-angle...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/3/189?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Donald J. D'Amico, M.D., and Thaddeus Dryja, M.D.Thu, 17  Jan  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/3/189?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Figure 1. A 27-year-old, 45-kg primigravid woman presented in early labor at 40 weeks' gestation. Six hours into her labor, an urgent vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery was performed because of fetal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/1/39?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David Chang, M.D. and Bruce S. Markman, M.D.Thu, 03  Jan  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/1/39?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The risk of preeclampsia is generally lower in second pregnancies than in first pregnancies, but not if the mother has a new partner for the second pregnancy. One explanation...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/1/33?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rolv Skjærven, Ph.D., Allen J. Wilcox, M.D., Ph.D., and Rolv T. Lie, Ph.D.Thu, 03  Jan  2002 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/346/1/33?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The use of oral contraceptives first became widespread some 40 years ago, and reports of an excess risk of cardiovascular disease among women who used these agents soon followed. Because...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/25/1841?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 20  Dec  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/25/1841?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> An association between the use of oral contraceptives and the risk of myocardial infarction has been found in some, but not all, studies. We investigated this association, according to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/25/1787?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bea C. Tanis, M.D., Maurice A.A.J. van den Bosch, M.D., Jeanet M. Kemmeren, Ph.D., Volkert Manger Cats, M.D., Frans M. Helmerhorst, M.D., Ale Algra, M.D., Yolanda van der Graaf, M.D., and Frits R. Rosendaal, M.D.Thu, 20  Dec  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/25/1787?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Observational studies have suggested that estrogen-replacement therapy may reduce a woman's risk of stroke and death.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of estrogen therapy (1 mg of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/17/1243?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Catherine M. Viscoli, Ph.D., Lawrence M. Brass, M.D., Walter N. Kernan, M.D., Philip M. Sarrel, M.D., Samy Suissa, Ph.D., and Ralph I. Horwitz, M.D.Thu, 25  Oct  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/17/1243?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Figure 1. An 18-year-old woman (gravida 0, para 0) presented with a six-month history of abdominal distention but no history of weight loss or abnormality in menstruation. Radiography showed an...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/14/1041?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Gau-Yang Chen, M.D. and Guan-Chin Tseng, M.D.Thu, 04  Oct  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/14/1041?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The management of urinary tract infections is complicated by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Escherichia coli. We studied the clonal composition of E. coli isolates that were...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/14/1007?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Amee R. Manges, M.P.H., James R. Johnson, M.D., Betsy Foxman, Ph.D., Timothy T. O'Bryan, Kathleen E. Fullerton, M.P.H., and Lee W. Riley, M.D.Thu, 04  Oct  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/14/1007?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Inhaled glucocorticoids are the most commonly used medications for the long-term treatment of patients with asthma. Whether long-term therapy with inhaled glucocorticoids reduces bone mass, as oral glucocorticoid therapy...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/13/941?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Elliot Israel, M.D., Taruna R. Banerjee, M.P.H., Garrett M. Fitzmaurice, Sc.D., Tania V. Kotlov, M.S., Karen LaHive, M.D., and Meryl S. LeBoff, M.D.Thu, 27  Sep  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/13/941?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Previous studies have examined individual dietary and lifestyle factors in relation to type 2 diabetes, but the combined effects of these factors are largely unknown.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We followed 84,941 female...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/11/790?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Frank B. Hu, M.D., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Graham Colditz, M.D., Simin Liu, M.D., Caren G. Solomon, M.D., and Walter C. Willett, M.D.Thu, 13  Sep  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/11/790?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The report in this issue of the Journal on the effect of copper intrauterine contraceptive devices on the risk of infertility in nulliparous women deserves the attention of American women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/8/608?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 23  Aug  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/8/608?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Previous studies of intrauterine devices (IUDs), many of which are no longer in use, suggested that they might cause tubal infertility. The concern that IUDs that contain copper —...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/8/561?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David Hubacher, Ph.D., Roger Lara-Ricalde, M.D., Douglas J. Taylor, Ph.D., Fernando Guerra-Infante, Ph.D., and Raymundo Guzmán-Rodríguez, M.D.Thu, 23  Aug  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/8/561?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Endometriosis is the growth of endometrium outside the uterine cavity or myometrium (endometriotic implants), usually in the peritoneal cavity (Figure 1). The question of how the tissue attains this abnormal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/4/266?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David L. Olive, M.D., and Elizabeth A. Pritts, M.D.Thu, 26  Jul  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/4/266?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Figure 1. A 27-year-old nulligravid woman presented with pelvic pain. Pelvic examination showed bilateral cystic, mobile, adnexal masses measuring 8 by 8 cm. A computed tomographic scan of the pelvis...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/4/259?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Richard M. Boulay, M.D. and Edward Podczaski, M.D.Thu, 26  Jul  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/4/259?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Genetic testing for susceptibility to breast cancer has been controversial since its inception. Among other issues, it has provoked questions about the efficacy and acceptability of prophylactic mastectomy for women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/3/207?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 19  Jul  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/3/207?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation have a high risk of breast cancer and may choose to undergo prophylactic bilateral total mastectomy. We investigated the efficacy of this...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/3/159?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, M.D., Bert van Geel, M.D., Ph.D., Wim L.J. van Putten, M.Sc., Sonja C. Henzen-Logmans, M.D., Ph.D., Caroline Seynaeve, M.D., Ph.D., Marian B.E. Menke-Pluymers, M.D., Ph.D., Carina C.M. Bartels, M.D., Leon C. Verhoog, M.D., Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Ph.D., Martinus F. Niermeijer, M.D., Ph.D., Cecile T.M. Brekelmans, M.D., Ph.D., and Jan G.M. Klijn, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 19  Jul  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/3/159?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Patient 1 is a 52-year-old woman at average risk for breast cancer and osteoporosis who is having menopause-related hot flashes and disturbed sleep. Patient 2 is a 58-year-old woman with...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/1/34?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., and Kathryn A. Martin, M.D.Thu, 05  Jul  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/345/1/34?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Women with primary invasive breast cancer receive both local and systemic treatment. Surgery and radiation therapy are local treatments given to reduce the risk of recurrent cancer in the breast,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/26/1997?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Charles L. Shapiro, M.D., and Abram Recht, M.D.Thu, 28  Jun  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/26/1997?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In this issue of the Journal, Arafah presents data indicating that some women with hypothyroidism receiving thyroxine therapy needed more thyroxine when they received estrogen therapy — a change caused...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/23/1784?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 07  Jun  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/23/1784?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women with hypothyroidism that is being treated with thyroxine often need higher doses when they are pregnant. Whether this need can be attributed solely to estrogen-induced increases in serum...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/23/1743?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Baha M. Arafah, M.D.Thu, 07  Jun  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/23/1743?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In the early 1960s, shortly after the introduction of oral contraceptives, the first case reports appeared describing venous thrombosis and pulmonary emboli in women using this method of birth control....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/20/1527?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jan P. Vandenbroucke, M.D., Ph.D., Jan Rosing, Ph.D., Kitty W.M. Bloemenkamp, M.D., Ph.D., Saskia Middeldorp, M.D., Ph.D., Frans M. Helmerhorst, M.D., Ph.D., Bonno N. Bouma, Ph.D., and Frits R. Rosendaal, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 17  May  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/20/1527?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Once-daily injections of parathyroid hormone or its amino-terminal fragments increase bone formation and bone mass without causing hypercalcemia, but their effects on fractures are unknown.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We randomly assigned 1637...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/19/1434?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Robert M. Neer, Claude D. Arnaud, Jose R. Zanchetta, Richard Prince, Gregory A. Gaich, Jean-Yves Reginster, Anthony B. Hodsman, Erik F. Eriksen, Sophia Ish-Shalom, Harry K. Genant, Ouhong Wang, Dan Mellström, Erik S. Oefjord, Ewa Marcinowska-Suchowierska, Jorma Salmi, Henk Mulder, Johan Halse, Andrzej Z. Sawicki, and Bruce H. MitlakThu, 10  May  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/19/1434?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The use of estrogen-replacement therapy has been associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease1 and preserved or enhanced cognitive performance in postmenopausal women.2 Despite the consistency of these observations,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/16/1242?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 19  Apr  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/16/1242?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In postmenopausal women, estrogen may have a beneficial effect on cognition or reduce the risk of decline in cognitive function. Whether raloxifene, a selective estrogen-receptor modulator, might have similar...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/16/1207?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kristine Yaffe, M.D., Kathyrn Krueger, M.D., Somnath Sarkar, Ph.D., Deborah Grady, M.D., M.P.H., Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, M.D., David A. Cox, Ph.D., and Thomas Nickelsen, M.D., for the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation InvestigatorsThu, 19  Apr  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/16/1207?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The connection between breast cancer and estrogen has been recognized for more than 100 years, since George Beatson demonstrated that bilateral oophorectomy resulted in the remission of breast cancer in...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/4/276?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mark Clemons, M.B., B.S., M.D., and Paul Goss, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 25  Jan  2001 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/344/4/276?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Eleven million U.S. women rely on tubal sterilization to prevent pregnancy.1 Although the annual number of women undergoing sterilization (approximately 700,000) remains stable, the techniques, timing, and setting of the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/23/1724?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 07  Dec  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/23/1724?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The existence of a post–tubal-ligation syndrome of menstrual abnormalities has been debated for decades. We used data from the U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization to determine whether the likelihood...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/23/1681?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Herbert B. Peterson, M.D., Gary Jeng, Ph.D., Suzanne G. Folger, Ph.D., Susan A. Hillis, Ph.D., Polly A. Marchbanks, Ph.D., and Lynne S. Wilcox, M.D., for the U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization Working GroupThu, 07  Dec  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/23/1681?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in young women, but little is known about its pathogenesis, natural history, risk factors, and temporal association with symptomatic urinary tract infection.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We prospectively evaluated...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/14/992?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thomas M. Hooton, M.D., Delia Scholes, Ph.D., Ann E. Stapleton, M.D., Pacita L. Roberts, M.S., Carol Winter, A.R.N.P., Kalpana Gupta, M.D., M.P.H., Mansour Samadpour, Ph.D., and Walter E. Stamm, M.D.Thu, 05  Oct  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/14/992?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The introduction of quantitative urine cultures in the mid-1950s coincided with the introduction and widespread use of antimicrobial drugs. The first studies of quantitative urine bacteriology, in fact, included a...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/14/1037?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 05  Oct  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/14/1037?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The Factor V Leiden and prothrombin-gene mutations are independent risk factors for venous thrombosis; it is debated whether a mutation in the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, an enzyme involved...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/14/1015?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ida Martinelli, M.D., Ph.D., Emanuela Taioli, M.D., Ph.D., Irene Cetin, M.D., Alessandra Marinoni, M.D., Sonia Gerosa, M.D., Maria V. Villa, M.D., Maddalena Bozzo, M.D., and Pier M. Mannucci, M.D.Thu, 05  Oct  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/14/1015?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In this issue of the Journal, Shifren and coworkers1 postulate that the reduction in androgens resulting from bilateral oophorectomy is associated with sexual dysfunction in some women and that testosterone...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/10/730?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 07  Sep  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/10/730?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The ovaries provide approximately half the circulating testosterone in premenopausal women. After bilateral oophorectomy, many women report impaired sexual functioning despite estrogen replacement. We evaluated the effects of transdermal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/10/682?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jan L. Shifren, M.D., Glenn D. Braunstein, M.D., James A. Simon, M.D., Peter R. Casson, M.D., John E. Buster, M.D., Geoffrey P. Redmond, M.D., Regula E. Burki, M.D., Elizabeth S. Ginsburg, M.D., Raymond C. Rosen, Ph.D., Sandra R. Leiblum, Ph.D., Kim E. Caramelli, M.S., Kirtley P. Jones, M.D., Claire A. Daugherty, M.S., and Norman A. Mazer, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 07  Sep  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/10/682?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Cardiovascular disease, including stroke, is the leading killer of women in the United States and in most developed countries. In 1997, cardiovascular disease accounted for 43 percent of all deaths...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/8/572?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 24  Aug  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/8/572?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Previous studies have found concurrent declines in blood pressure, serum cholesterol levels, and the incidence of and mortality from coronary disease. However, the effects of changes in diet and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/8/530?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Frank B. Hu, M.D., Ph.D., Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Dr.P.H., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., Francine Grodstein, D.Sc., Graham A. Colditz, M.D., Dr.P.H., Frank E. Speizer, M.D., and Walter C. Willett, M.D., Dr.P.H.Thu, 24  Aug  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/8/530?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Heart disease is a major cause of illness and death in women. To understand better the role of estrogen in the treatment and prevention of heart disease, more information...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/8/522?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David M. Herrington, M.D., M.H.S., David M. Reboussin, Ph.D., K. Bridget Brosnihan, Ph.D., Penny C. Sharp, Ed.D., Sally A. Shumaker, Ph.D., Thomas E. Snyder, M.D., Curt D. Furberg, M.D., Ph.D., Glen J. Kowalchuk, M.D., Thomas D. Stuckey, M.D., William J. Rogers, M.D., David H. Givens, M.D., and David Waters, M.D.Thu, 24  Aug  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/8/522?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Breast-feeding is the best method of feeding neonates and young infants.1 Its popularity has increased in recent years,2 although in 1995 only about 60 percent of new mothers in the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/2/118?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Shinya Ito, M.D.Thu, 13  Jul  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/2/118?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The incidence of multiple gestation after therapy for infertility is especially high among women in whom ovulation is induced with gonadotropins. Whether the number of high-order multiple pregnancies (those...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/1/2?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Norbert Gleicher, M.D., Denise M. Oleske, Ph.D., Ilan Tur-Kaspa, M.D., Andrea Vidali, M.D., and Vishvanath Karande, M.D.Thu, 06  Jul  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/1/2?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Many lifestyle-related risk factors for coronary heart disease have been identified, but little is known about their effect on the risk of disease when they are considered together.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/1/16?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Frank B. Hu, M.D., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Eric B. Rimm, Sc.D., and Walter C. Willett, M.D.Thu, 06  Jul  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/343/1/16?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48An estimated 120,000 to 160,000 women in the United States are currently living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.1 The majority of these women are of reproductive age, and many...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/23/1748?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 08  Jun  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/23/1748?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1991, two articles in the Journal noted that women evaluated for chest pain were less likely than men to undergo coronary angiography.12 These studies and others generated concern that...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/12/885?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 23  Mar  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/12/885?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Most persons who have serologic evidence of infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 (HSV-2) are asymptomatic. Historically, it has been assumed that these persons have less frequent...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/12/844?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Anna Wald, M.D., M.P.H., Judith Zeh, Ph.D., Stacy Selke, M.S., Terri Warren, M.S., Alexander J. Ryncarz, Ph.D., Rhoda Ashley, Ph.D., John N. Krieger, M.D., and Lawrence Corey, M.D.Thu, 23  Mar  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/12/844?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Since inflammation is believed to have a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events, measurement of markers of inflammation has been proposed as a method to improve the prediction...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/12/836?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paul M. Ridker, M.D., Charles H. Hennekens, M.D., Julie E. Buring, Sc.D., and Nader Rifai, Ph.D.Thu, 23  Mar  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/12/836?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> After hospitalization for chest pain, women are more likely than men to have normal coronary angiograms. In such women, myocardial ischemia in the absence of clinically significant coronary-artery obstruction...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/12/829?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Steven D. Buchthal, Ph.D., Jan A. den Hollander, Ph.D., C. Noel Bairey Merz, M.D., William J. Rogers, M.D., Carl J. Pepine, M.D., Nathaniel Reichek, M.D., Barry L. Sharaf, M.D., Steven Reis, M.D., Sheryl F. Kelsey, Ph.D., and Gerald M. Pohost, M.D.Thu, 23  Mar  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/12/829?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The postulated relation between silicone breast implants and the risk of connective-tissue and autoimmune diseases has generated intense medical and legal interest during the past decade. The salience of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/11/781?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Esther C. Janowsky, M.D., Ph.D., Lawrence L. Kupper, Ph.D., and Barbara S. Hulka, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 16  Mar  2000 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/342/11/781?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48This issue of the Journal includes two reports on risk factors for violent injuries to women. The findings of Kyriacou et al.1 and Grisso et al.,2 from case–control studies in...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/25/1927?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 16  Dec  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/25/1927?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Although the rate of death from injuries due to violent acts is much higher among black women than among white women in the United States, little is known about...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/25/1899?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jeane Ann Grisso, M.D., Donald F. Schwarz, M.D., M.P.H., Nancy Hirschinger, M.A., Mary Sammel, Sc.D., Colleen Brensinger, M.S., Jill Santanna, M.S., Robert A. Lowe, M.D., M.P.H., Elijah Anderson, Ph.D., Leslie M. Shaw, Ph.D., Courtney A. Bethel, M.D., M.P.H., and Leslie Teeple, M.D.Thu, 16  Dec  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/25/1899?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Domestic violence is the most common cause of nonfatal injury to women in the United States. To identify risk factors for such injuries, we examined the socioeconomic and behavioral...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/25/1892?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Demetrios N. Kyriacou, M.D., Ph.D., Deirdre Anglin, M.D., M.P.H., Ellen Taliaferro, M.D., Susan Stone, M.D., M.P.H., Toni Tubb, M.D., Judith A. Linden, M.D., Robert Muelleman, M.D., Erik Barton, M.D., and Jess F. Kraus, Ph.D., M.P.H.Thu, 16  Dec  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/25/1892?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48More than 100 years have passed since an association between sexual behavior and cancer of the cervix was reported. In the ensuing years, the elusive sexually transmitted agent has been...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/22/1687?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 25  Nov  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/22/1687?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) has been established as a cause of cervical cancer, but the association between a positive test for HPV DNA and the risk of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/22/1633?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Keng-Ling Wallin, Ph.D., Fredrik Wiklund, M.Sc., Tord Ångström, M.D., Ph.D., Frank Bergman, M.D., Ph.D., Ulf Stendahl, M.D., Ph.D., Göran Wadell, M.D., Ph.D., Göran Hallmans, M.D., Ph.D., and Joakim Dillner, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 25  Nov  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/22/1633?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Domestic abuse, or battering, is a pattern of psychological, economic, and sexual coercion of one partner in a relationship by the other that is punctuated by physical assaults or credible...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/12/886?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Stephanie A. Eisenstat, M.D., and Lundy Bancroft, B.A.Thu, 16  Sep  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/12/886?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Gallstones are an important cause of disease and a common reason for surgery. Women, particularly those who have had multiple pregnancies or have certain ethnic backgrounds, such as Native American...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/11/836?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 09  Sep  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/11/836?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Physical activity may be an important determinant of the risk of gallstone disease in women, both independently and as a result of its role in maintaining body weight.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/11/777?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael F. Leitzmann, M.D., M.P.H., Eric B. Rimm, Sc.D., Walter C. Willett, M.D., Dr.P.H., Donna Spiegelman, Sc.D., Francine Grodstein, Sc.D., Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Dr.P.H., Graham A. Colditz, M.D., Dr.P.H., and Edward Giovannucci, M.D., Sc.D.Thu, 09  Sep  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/11/777?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hypoglycemia is a condition commonly seen in the emergency department and is usually caused by insulin or sulfonylurea therapy for diabetes mellitus. Tumor-induced hypoglycemia occurs more rarely and can involve...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/10/733?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael J. Seckl, Ph.D., M.D., Paul J. Mulholland, M.D., Anne E. Bishop, Ph.D., J. Derrick Teale, Ph.D., C. Nicholas Hales, Ph.D., M.D., Mark Glaser, M.D., Sylvia Watkins, D.M., M.D., and Jonathan R. Seckl, Ph.D., M.D.Thu, 02  Sep  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/10/733?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The role of walking, as compared with vigorous exercise, in the prevention of coronary heart disease remains controversial, and data for women on this topic are sparse.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We prospectively...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/9/650?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Dr.P.H., Frank B. Hu, M.D., Ph.D., Janet W. Rich-Edwards, Sc.D., Graham A. Colditz, M.D., Dr.P.H., Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Dr.P.H., Walter C. Willett, M.D., Dr.P.H., Frank E. Speizer, M.D., and Charles H. Hennekens, M.D., Dr.P.H.Thu, 26  Aug  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/9/650?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The news that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among women has been so prominently publicized recently that researchers are occasionally asked to explain this apparent epidemic. In...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/4/275?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 22  Jul  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/4/275?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Studies have reported that women with acute myocardial infarction have in-hospital and long-term outcomes that are worse than those of men.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> To assess sex-based differences in presentation and outcome,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/4/226?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Judith S. Hochman, M.D., Jacqueline E. Tamis, M.D., Trevor D. Thompson, B.S., W. Douglas Weaver, M.D., Harvey D. White, M.B., D.Sc., Frans Van de Werf, M.D., Phil Aylward, B.M., B.Ch., Eric J. Topol, M.D., and Robert M. Califf, M.D., for the Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries in Acute Coronary Syndromes IIb InvestigatorsThu, 22  Jul  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/4/226?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> There is conflicting information about whether short-term mortality after myocardial infarction is higher among women than among men after adjustment for age and other prognostic factors. We hypothesized that...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/4/217?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Viola Vaccarino, M.D., Ph.D., Lori Parsons, B.S., Nathan R. Every, M.D., M.P.H., Hal V. Barron, M.D., and Harlan M. Krumholz, M.D., for the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 ParticipantsThu, 22  Jul  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/341/4/217?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The incidence of cardiovascular disease differs significantly between men and women, in part because of differences in risk factors and hormones.1 The incidence of atherosclerotic diseases is low in premenopausal...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/23/1801?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael E. Mendelsohn, M.D., and Richard H. Karas, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 10  Jun  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/23/1801?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In women with cervical cancer, treatment causes changes in vaginal anatomy and function. The effect of these changes on sexual function and the extent, if any, to which they...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/18/1383?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Karin Bergmark, M.D., Elisabeth Åvall-Lundqvist, Ph.D., Paul W. Dickman, Ph.D., Lars Henningsohn, M.D., and Gunnar Steineck, Ph.D.Thu, 06  May  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/18/1383?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women with the polycystic ovary syndrome have insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, possibly because of a deficiency of a d-chiro-inositol–containing phosphoglycan that mediates the action of insulin. We hypothesized that...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/17/1314?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48John E. Nestler, M.D., Daniela J. Jakubowicz, M.D., Paula Reamer, M.A., Ronald D. Gunn, M.S., and Geoffrey Allan, Ph.D.Thu, 29  Apr  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/17/1314?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Adrenal hypoplasia congenita is a rare X-linked disorder characterized by primary adrenal insufficiency and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.1 All patients described to date have been male, and female carriers have had no...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/16/1248?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Deborah P. Merke, M.D., Toshihiro Tajima, M.D., Ph.D., Jeffrey Baron, M.D., and Gordon B. Cutler, Jr., M.D.Thu, 22  Apr  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/16/1248?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Despite screening programs, approximately 14,000 cases of invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed annually in the United States. In approximately half these cases, locally advanced disease is present at the time...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/15/1198?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 15  Apr  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/15/1198?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Bulky stage IB cervical cancers have a poorer prognosis than smaller stage I cervical cancers. For the Gynecologic Oncology Group, we conducted a trial to determine whether weekly infusions...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/15/1154?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Henry M. Keys, M.D., Brian N. Bundy, Ph.D., Frederick B. Stehman, M.D., Laila I. Muderspach, M.D., Weldon E. Chafe, M.D., Charles L. Suggs III, M.D., Joan L. Walker, M.D., and Deborah Gersell, M.D.Thu, 15  Apr  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/15/1154?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> and <em>Methods:</em> On behalf of the Gynecologic Oncology Group, we performed a randomized trial of radiotherapy in combination with three concurrent chemotherapy regimens — cisplatin alone; cisplatin, fluorouracil, and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/15/1144?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Peter G. Rose, M.D., Brian N. Bundy, Ph.D., Edwin B. Watkins, M.D., J. Tate Thigpen, M.D., Gunther Deppe, M.D., Mitchell A. Maiman, M.D., Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson, M.D., and Sam Insalaco, M.D.Thu, 15  Apr  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/15/1144?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> and <em>Methods:</em> We compared the effect of radiotherapy to a pelvic and para-aortic field with that of pelvic radiation and concurrent chemotherapy with fluorouracil and cisplatin in women with...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/15/1137?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mitchell Morris, M.D., Patricia J. Eifel, M.D., Jiandong Lu, Ph.D., Perry W. Grigsby, M.D., Charles Levenback, M.D., Randy E. Stevens, M.D., Marvin Rotman, M.D., David M. Gershenson, M.D., and David G. Mutch, M.D.Thu, 15  Apr  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/15/1137?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Most parents of a child with a birth defect focus their attention on short-term considerations regarding the child's health. Once these worries abate, parents begin to think about the child's...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/14/1108?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 08  Apr  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/14/1108?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> and <em>Methods:</em> Persons with birth defects are at high risk for death during the perinatal period and infancy. Less is known about the later survival or reproduction of such...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/14/1057?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rolv Skjærven, Ph.D., Allen J. Wilcox, M.D., Ph.D., and Rolv T. Lie, Ph.D.Thu, 08  Apr  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/14/1057?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Fertility in women is regulated by a series of highly coordinated and synchronized interactions in the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis (Figure 1A). The central regulator of the axis is the group of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/9/709?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Eli Y. Adashi, M.D., and Jon D. Hennebold, Ph.D.Thu, 04  Mar  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/9/709?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Is there a “natural” interval between pregnancies in humans? Our nearest animal relatives, the chimpanzees and gorillas, breast-feed their offspring for long periods, and the median time from the birth...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/8/643?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 25  Feb  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/8/643?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> A short interval between pregnancies has been associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Whether that association is due to confounding by other risk factors, such as maternal age, socioeconomic status,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/8/589?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Bao-Ping Zhu, M.D., Robert T. Rolfs, M.D., M.P.H., Barry E. Nangle, Ph.D., and John M. Horan, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 25  Feb  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/8/589?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1991 the Senate Committee on Appropriations approached the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development with a request and an offer. The request was to design a definitive...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/5/380?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 04  Feb  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/5/380?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Platinum-based chemotherapy is the cornerstone of modern treatment for ovarian, testicular, and other cancers, but few investigations have quantified the late sequelae of such treatment.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted a case–control...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/5/351?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lois B. Travis, M.D., Sc.D., Eric J. Holowaty, M.D., Kjell Bergfeldt, M.D., Charles F. Lynch, M.D., Ph.D., Betsy A. Kohler, M.P.H., Tom Wiklund, M.D., Ph.D., Rochelle E. Curtis, M.A., Per Hall, M.D., Ph.D., Michael Andersson, M.D., Ph.D., Eero Pukkala, Ph.D., Jeremy Sturgeon, M.D., Hans Storm, M.D., E. Aileen Clarke, M.D., John D. Boice, Jr., Sc.D., Mary Gospodarowicz, M.D., and Marilyn Stovall, Ph.D.Thu, 04  Feb  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/5/351?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Cigarette smoking and cocaine use may be risk factors for spontaneous abortion, but data supporting such a link are limited.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We studied the associations between cocaine and tobacco use...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/5/333?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Roberta B. Ness, M.D., M.P.H., Jeane Ann Grisso, M.D., Nancy Hirschinger, M.A., Nina Markovic, Ph.D., Leslie M. Shaw, Ph.D., Nancy L. Day, Ph.D., and Jennie Kline, Ph.D.Thu, 04  Feb  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/5/333?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The proportion of women in the United States who think they have a fertility problem increased from 5.7 percent in 1988 to 7.7 percent in 1995.1 This growing perception of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/3/224?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 21  Jan  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/3/224?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Induction of superovulation with gonadotropins and intrauterine insemination are frequently used to treat infertility. We conducted a large, randomized, controlled clinical trial of these treatments.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We studied 932 couples...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/3/177?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David S. Guzick, M.D., Ph.D., Sandra Ann Carson, M.D., Christos Coutifaris, M.D., Ph.D., James W. Overstreet, M.D., Ph.D., Pam Factor-Litvak, Ph.D., Michael P. Steinkampf, M.D., Joseph A. Hill, M.D., Luigi Mastroianni, Jr., M.D., John E. Buster, M.D., Steven T. Nakajima, M.D., Donna L. Vogel, M.D., Ph.D., and Robert E. Canfield, M.D., for the National Cooperative Reproductive Medicine NetworkThu, 21  Jan  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/3/177?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> A high intake of dietary fiber has been thought to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted a prospective study of 88,757 women, who were 34...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/3/169?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Charles S. Fuchs, M.D., Edward L. Giovannucci, M.D., Graham A. Colditz, M.D., David J. Hunter, M.B., B.S., Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Bernard Rosner, Ph.D., Frank E. Speizer, M.D., and Walter C. Willett, M.D.Thu, 21  Jan  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/3/169?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> African-American and Hispanic women are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted diseases, including the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In the effort to reduce infection rates, it is important to create...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/2/93?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Rochelle N. Shain, Ph.D., Jeanna M. Piper, M.D., Edward R. Newton, M.D., Sondra T. Perdue, Dr.P.H., Reyes Ramos, Ph.D., Jane Dimmitt Champion, Ph.D., and Fernando A. Guerra, M.D., M.P.H.Thu, 14  Jan  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/2/93?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Options for women at high risk for breast cancer include surveillance, chemoprevention, and prophylactic mastectomy. The data on the outcomes for surveillance and prophylactic mastectomy are incomplete.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We conducted...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/2/77?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lynn C. Hartmann, M.D., Daniel J. Schaid, Ph.D., John E. Woods, M.D., Thomas P. Crotty, M.D., Jeffrey L. Myers, M.D., P.G. Arnold, M.D., Paul M. Petty, M.D., Thomas A. Sellers, Ph.D., Joanne L. Johnson, R.N., Shannon K. McDonnell, M.S., Marlene H. Frost, Ph.D., R.N., Clive S. Grant, M.D., Virginia V. Michels, M.D., and Robert B. Jenkins, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 14  Jan  1999 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/340/2/77?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Breast cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. Management of breast cancer was last reviewed in the Journal in 1992.1 The accumulation of new biologic information, the results of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/14/974?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, M.D.Thu, 01  Oct  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/14/974?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Short of an effective vaccine, successful control of sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infections will require broadly based screening programs. This conclusion stems from several observations. First, chlamydial infections are highly...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/11/768?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 10  Sep  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/11/768?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The central role of estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal bone loss was demonstrated many years ago.1 We know estrogen can inhibit bone resorption and decrease bone turnover, but the precise pathways...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/11/767?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 10  Sep  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/11/767?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Asymptomatic genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections in women can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. To design a chlamydia-control program, we conducted a large survey of women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/11/739?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Charlotte A. Gaydos, Dr.P.H., M. Rene Howell, M.S., Barbara Pare, M.S., Kathryn L. Clark, M.D., M.P.H., Dorothy A. Ellis, B.S.N., M.P.H., Rose Marie Hendrix, D.O., M.P.H., Joel C. Gaydos, M.D., M.P.H., Kelly T. McKee, Jr., M.D., M.P.H., and Thomas C. Quinn, M.D.Thu, 10  Sep  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/11/739?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> and <em>Methods:</em> In postmenopausal women, the serum concentrations of endogenous sex hormones and vitamin D might influence the risk of hip and vertebral fractures. In a study of a...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/11/733?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Steven R. Cummings, M.D., Warren S. Browner, M.D., M.P.H., Douglas Bauer, M.D., Katie Stone, Ph.D., Kristine Ensrud, M.D., M.P.H., Sophie Jamal, M.D., and Bruce Ettinger, M.D., for the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research GroupThu, 10  Sep  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/11/733?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Figure 1. A 31-year-old woman was receiving gonadotropin stimulation as part of an in vitro fertilization protocol. By day 10 of her menstrual cycle a 5-cm ovarian cyst had developed....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/9/604?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ellen Greenebaum, M.D.Thu, 27  Aug  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/9/604?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Nonoxynol 9 is a proved spermicide, but whether it is also a microbicide is uncertain. A truly effective vaginal microbicide would reduce the susceptibility of women to sexually transmitted...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/8/504?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ronald E. Roddy, M.P.H., Léopold Zekeng, Ph.D., Kelley A. Ryan, B.A., Ubald Tamoufé, M.Sc.E., Sharon S. Weir, Ph.D., and Emelita L. Wong, Dr.P.H.Thu, 20  Aug  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/8/504?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ovarian cancer is an insidious disease that kills more American women each year than all other gynecologic cancers combined. It causes no specific symptoms even when the disease is advanced,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/7/469?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 13  Aug  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/7/469?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women with mutations in either the BRCA1 or the BRCA2 gene have a high lifetime risk of ovarian cancer. Oral contraceptives protect against ovarian cancer in general, but it...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/7/424?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Steven A. Narod, M.D., Harvey Risch, M.D., Ph.D., Roxana Moslehi, M.Sc., Anne Dørum, M.D., Susan Neuhausen, Ph.D., Hakan Olsson, M.D., Diane Provencher, M.D., Paolo Radice, Ph.D., Gareth Evans, M.D., Susan Bishop, M.Sc., Jean-Sébastien Brunet, M.Sc., and Bruce A.J. Ponder, M.D., Ph.D., Jan G.M. Klijn, M.D., for the Hereditary Ovarian Cancer Clinical Study GroupThu, 13  Aug  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/7/424?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In 1833, William P. DeWees wrote that during labor “the patient should be directed to keep as quiet as possible and that the preposterous custom of obliging her to walk...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/2/117?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 09  Jul  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/2/117?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48To be effective, postcoital contraception must be available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. In this issue of the Journal, Glasier and Baird present the results of a...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/1/41?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 02  Jul  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/1/41?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Guidelines established by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) promote exercise and weight loss for the treatment of abnormal lipoprotein levels. Little is known, however, about the effects of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/1/12?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D., Sally Mackey, M.S., R.D., Mary Sheehan, M.S., Nancy Ellsworth, William L. Haskell, Ph.D., and Peter D. Wood, D.Sc., Ph.D.Thu, 02  Jul  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/1/12?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Emergency postcoital contraception prevents pregnancy, but it must be prescribed by a doctor and taken within 72 hours of intercourse. It has been proposed that emergency contraception be made...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/1/1?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Anna Glasier, M.D., and David Baird, D.Sc.Thu, 02  Jul  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/339/1/1?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Obese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome are relatively unresponsive to the induction of ovulation by clomiphene. We hypothesized that reducing insulin secretion by administering metformin would increase the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/26/1876?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48John E. Nestler, M.D., Daniela J. Jakubowicz, M.D., William S. Evans, M.D., and Renato Pasquali, M.D.Thu, 25  Jun  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/26/1876?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Although sex differences in health care expenditures have been observed,1 it is unclear whether they are related to differences in patterns of illness or preferences for care or to sex...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/23/1694?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 04  Jun  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/23/1694?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Sex differences in the use of health care services can be substantial at several stages of life. However, the extent to which differences in reproductive biology and mortality affect...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/23/1678?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Cameron A. Mustard, Sc.D., Patricia Kaufert, Ph.D., Anita Kozyrskyj, M.Sc., and Teresa MayerThu, 04  Jun  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/23/1678?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Despite many high-quality randomized trials, the balance of harm and benefit attributable to breast-cancer screening is not known for women 40 to 49 years of age. In this issue of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/16/1145?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 16  Apr  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/16/1145?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Osteoporosis is a common disorder with a strong genetic component. One way in which the genetic component could be expressed is through polymorphism of COLIA1, the gene for collagen...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/15/1016?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48André G. Uitterlinden, Ph.D., Huibert Burger, M.D., Ph.D., Qiuju Huang, M.D., Fang Yue, M.D., Fiona E.A. McGuigan, B.Sc., Struan F.A. Grant, Ph.D., Albert Hofman, M.D., Ph.D., Johannes P.T.M. van Leeuwen, Ph.D., Huibert A.P. Pols, M.D., Ph.D., and Stuart H. Ralston, M.D.Thu, 09  Apr  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/15/1016?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Osteoporosis affects an estimated 75 million people in Europe, the United States, and Japan.1 It is a preventable and treatable condition, yet many people with osteoporosis remain unrecognized and untreated....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/11/736?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Richard Eastell, M.D.Thu, 12  Mar  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/11/736?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Estrogen-replacement therapy prevents osteoporosis in postmenopausal women by inhibiting bone resorption, but the balance between its long-term risks and benefits remains unclear. Whether other antiresorptive therapies can prevent osteoporosis...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/8/485?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David Hosking, M.D., Clair E.D. Chilvers, D.Sc., Claus Christiansen, M.D., Pernille Ravn, M.D., Richard Wasnich, M.D., Philip Ross, Ph.D., Michael McClung, M.D., Ana Balske, M.D., Ph.D., Desmond Thompson, Ph.D., Marianne Daley, B.A., and A. John Yates, M.D., for the Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study GroupThu, 19  Feb  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/8/485?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is highly prevalent in sexually active young women. However, precise risk factors for HPV infection and its incidence and duration are not well known.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em>...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/7/423?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Gloria Y.F. Ho, Ph.D., Robert Bierman, M.D., Leah Beardsley, N.P., Chee J. Chang, Ph.D., and Robert D. Burk, M.D.Thu, 12  Feb  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/7/423?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48During the past decade premenstrual syndrome has become a well-defined entity.1 The hallmark of the syndrome is the repeated occurrence of behavioral and somatic symptoms severe enough to impair a...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/4/256?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 22  Jan  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/4/256?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The symptoms of women with premenstrual syndrome improve in response to suppression of ovarian function, although these women have no evidence of ovarian dysfunction. We undertook a study to...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/4/209?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Peter J. Schmidt, M.D., Lynnette K. Nieman, M.D., Merry A. Danaceau, R.N., Linda F. Adams, B.A., and David R. Rubinow, M.D.Thu, 22  Jan  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/4/209?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Obesity before pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of several adverse outcomes of pregnancy. The risk profiles among lean, normal, or mildly overweight women are not, however, well...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/3/147?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sven Cnattingius, M.D., Ph.D., Reinhold Bergström, Ph.D., Loren Lipworth, Sc.D., and Michael S. Kramer, M.D.Thu, 15  Jan  1998 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/338/3/147?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Symptoms of vaginitis are nonspecific, and neither self-diagnosis nor diagnosis by a physician is reliable without laboratory confirmation. The management of vaginitis remains largely empirical, and many assume that vaginitis...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/26/1896?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jack D. Sobel, M.D.Thu, 25  Dec  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/26/1896?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Transvaginal ultrasonography of the endometrium has become an important part of the evaluation of women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. It is noninvasive, low in cost, and widely available.1 As...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/25/1839?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 18  Dec  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/25/1839?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Transvaginal ultrasonography is a noninvasive procedure that may be used to detect endometrial disease. However, its usefulness in screening for asymptomatic disease in postmenopausal women before or during treatment...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/25/1792?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Robert D. Langer, M.D., M.P.H., June J. Pierce, B.A., Katherine A. O'Hanlan, M.D., Susan R. Johnson, M.D., Mark A. Espeland, Ph.D., José F. Trabal, M.D., M.P.H., Vanessa M. Barnabei, M.D., Ph.D., Maria J. Merino, M.D., and Robert E. Scully, M.D., for the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions TrialThu, 18  Dec  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/25/1792?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The relation between dietary intake of specific types of fat, particularly trans unsaturated fat, and the risk of coronary disease remains unclear. We therefore studied this relation in women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/21/1491?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Frank B. Hu, M.D., Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Eric Rimm, Sc.D., Graham A. Colditz, M.D., Bernard A. Rosner, Ph.D., Charles H. Hennekens, M.D., and Walter C. Willett, M.D.Thu, 20  Nov  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/21/1491?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The incidence of anal cancer has increased in recent decades, particularly among women. To identify underlying risk factors, we conducted a population-based case–control study in Denmark and Sweden.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/19/1350?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Morten Frisch, M.D., Ph.D., Bengt Glimelius, M.D., Ph.D., Adriaan J.C. van den Brule, Ph.D., Jan Wohlfahrt, M.Sc., Chris J.L.M. Meijer, M.D., Ph.D., Jan M.M. Walboomers, Ph.D., Sven Goldman, M.D., Ph.d., Christer Svensson, M.D., Ph.D., Hans-Olov Adami, M.D., Ph.D., and Mads Melbye, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 06  Nov  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/19/1350?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Among women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), there is a high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. However, little is known about the natural history of HPV...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/19/1343?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Xiao-Wei Sun, M.D., Louise Kuhn, Ph.D., Tedd V. Ellerbrock, M.D., Mary Ann Chiasson, Dr.P.H., Timothy J. Bush, B.A., and Thomas C. Wright, Jr., M.D.Thu, 06  Nov  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/19/1343?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Unintended pregnancies are endemic in the United States, and the costs are huge.1 The traditional approach to this problem has been primary prevention (contraception), backed up by secondary prevention (induced...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/15/1078?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 09  Oct  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/15/1078?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Emergency postcoital contraception may be defined as the use of a drug or device to prevent pregnancy after intercourse. Unwanted pregnancy is common; worldwide, about 50 million pregnancies are terminated...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/15/1058?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Anna Glasier, M.D.Thu, 09  Oct  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/15/1058?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Postmenopausal estrogen therapy has favorable effects on serum lipoproteins in women with normal serum lipid levels, but the effect of combined estrogen and progestin therapy on lipoproteins in women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/9/595?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Giselle M. Darling, M.D., Jennifer A. Johns, M.D., Philip I. McCloud, Ph.D., and Susan R. Davis, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 28  Aug  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/9/595?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Postmenopausal estrogen therapy has favorable effects on serum lipoproteins in women with normal serum lipid levels, but the effect of combined estrogen and progestin therapy on lipoproteins in women...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/9/595?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Giselle M. Darling, M.D., Jennifer A. Johns, M.D., Philip I. McCloud, Ph.D., and Susan R. Davis, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 28  Aug  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/9/595?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women may lose bone during lactation because of calcium lost in breast milk. We studied whether calcium supplementation prevents bone loss during lactation or augments bone gain after weaning.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em>...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/8/523?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Heidi J. Kalkwarf, Ph.D., Bonny L. Specker, Ph.D., Donna C. Bianchi, M.Ed., Julie Ranz, R.N., and Mona Ho, M.S.Thu, 21  Aug  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/8/523?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Endometriosis is defined as the presence of glandular and stromal endometrial tissue outside the uterus. It occurs most frequently in the reproductive organs, other pelvic viscera, and the peritoneum and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/4/269?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 24  Jul  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/4/269?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Minimal or mild endometriosis is frequently diagnosed in infertile women. It is often treated by resection or ablation of the lesions, but whether this improves fertility has not been...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/4/217?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Sylvie Marcoux, M.D., Ph.D., Rodolphe Maheux, M.D., Sylvie Bérubé, M.Sc., and the Canadian Collaborative Group on EndometriosisThu, 24  Jul  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/337/4/217?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations have an increased risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Prophylactic mastectomy and oophorectomy are often considered as ways of reducing these risks,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/20/1465?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Deborah Schrag, M.D., Karen M. Kuntz, Sc.D., Judy E. Garber, M.D., M.P.H., and Jane C. Weeks, M.D.Thu, 15  May  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/20/1465?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The world cheered the discovery of the BRCA1 cancer-susceptibility gene in 19941 and was chilled by its implications. A woman with a strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/20/1448?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 15  May  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/20/1448?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Most cases of breast cancer are related to lifestyle or environment, but exactly which factors affect the risk of breast cancer is difficult to define. The preponderance of breast cancer...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/18/1311?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 01  May  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/18/1311?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Because physical activity may affect hormonal concentrations and energy balance, we decided to investigate whether everyday exercise is related to the risk of breast cancer.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> During 1974 to 1978...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/18/1269?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Inger Thune, M.D., Tormod Brenn, M.Sc., Eiliv Lund, M.D., Ph.D., and Maria Gaard, M.D.Thu, 01  May  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/18/1269?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Tubal sterilization was initially performed at the time of cesarean delivery to avoid the necessity of a second cesarean section.1 Today, however, most tubal sterilizations are elective (i.e., they are...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/11/796?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 13  Mar  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/11/796?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Breast implantation is performed primarily for three indications: breast augmentation, reconstruction after mastectomy for cancer, and reconstruction after prophylactic mastectomy. Outcome is judged by the safety of the surgery and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/10/718?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 06  Mar  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/10/718?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Plasma levels of plasminogen-activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), an essential inhibitor of fibrinolysis in humans, increase in women after menopause, and this may contribute to the risk of cardiovascular...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/10/683?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Kwang Kon Koh, M.D., Rita Mincemoyer, R.N., Minh N. Bui, M.D., Gyorgy Csako, M.D., Frank Pucino, Pharm.D., Victor Guetta, M.D., Myron Waclawiw, Ph.D., and Richard O. Cannon III, M.D.Thu, 06  Mar  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/10/683?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> It has been hypothesized that an interrupted pregnancy might increase a woman's risk of breast cancer because breast cells could proliferate without the later protective effect of differentiation.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/2/81?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Mads Melbye, M.D., Jan Wohlfahrt, M.Sc., Jørgen H. Olsen, M.D., Morten Frisch, M.D., Tine Westergaard, M.D., Karin Helweg-Larsen, M.D., and Per Kragh Andersen, Ph.D.Thu, 09  Jan  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/2/81?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48In this issue of the Journal,1 Melbye et al. present substantial epidemiologic evidence that induced abortions do not affect a woman's risk of having breast cancer. In a linkage study,...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/2/127?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 09  Jan  1997 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/336/2/127?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Intravenous platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard primary therapy for advanced ovarian cancer. We conducted a phase 3 trial to compare the effects of intraperitoneal and intravenous cisplatin on the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/26/1950?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David S. Alberts, M.D., P.Y. Liu, Ph.D., Edward V. Hannigan, M.D., Robert O'Toole, M.D., Stephen D. Williams, M.D., James A. Young, M.D., Ernest W. Franklin, M.D., Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson, M.D., Vinay K. Malviya, M.D., Brent DuBeshter, M.D., Mark D. Adelson, M.D., and William J. Hoskins, M.D.Thu, 26  Dec  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/26/1950?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Until recently, cancer of the uterine cervix was a major cause of death among women of reproductive age in the United States.1 In the 1960s, the pioneering work of Papanicolaou...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/21/1599?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 21  Nov  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/21/1599?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Periodic, routine Papanicolaou smears of cells from the vagina are commonly examined in women who have undergone a hysterectomy for benign gynecologic disease. The benefits of this method of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/21/1559?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Katherine F. Pearce, M.D., Hope K. Haefner, M.D., Syeda F. Sarwar, M.D., and Thomas E. Nolan, M.D.Thu, 21  Nov  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/21/1559?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The identification of BRCA1 as the first gene for susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer was an important step toward a better understanding of the biology of these cancers.1 This...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/19/1455?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 07  Nov  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/19/1455?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We tested the hypothesis that ovarian cancers associated with germ-line mutations of BRCA1 have distinct clinical and pathological features as compared with sporadic ovarian cancers.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We reviewed clinical and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/19/1413?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Stephen C. Rubin, M.D., Ivor Benjamin, M.D., Kian Behbakht, M.D., Hiroyuki Takahashi, M.D., Ph.D., Mark A. Morgan, M.D., Virginia A. LiVolsi, M.D., Andrew Berchuck, M.D., Michael G. Muto, M.D., Judy E. Garber, M.D., Barbara L. Weber, M.D., Henry T. Lynch, M.D., and Jeff Boyd, Ph.D.Thu, 07  Nov  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/19/1413?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Depression is associated with alterations in behavior and neuroendocrine systems that are risk factors for decreased bone mineral density. This study was undertaken to determine whether women with past...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/16/1176?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David Michelson, M.D., Constantine Stratakis, M.D., Ph.D., Lauren Hill, B.S., James Reynolds, M.D., Elise Galliven, B.S., George Chrousos, M.D., and Philip Gold, M.D.Thu, 17  Oct  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/16/1176?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> We studied the effect of state legislation requiring the disclosure of options for the treatment of breast cancer on the use of breast-conserving surgery in clinical practice.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> The National...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/14/1035?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Ann Butler Nattinger, M.D., M.P.H., Raymond G. Hoffmann, Ph.D., Robyn Shapiro, J.D., Mark S. Gottlieb, Ph.D., and James S. Goodwin, M.D.Thu, 03  Oct  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/14/1035?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Little is known about the sex-specific effects of cigarette smoking on the level and growth of lung function in adolescence, when 71 percent of people in the United States...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/13/931?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Diane R. Gold, M.D., M.P.H., Xiaobin Wang, M.D., Sc.D., David Wypij, Ph.D., Frank E. Speizer, M.D., James H. Ware, Ph.D., and Douglas W. Dockery, Sc.D.Thu, 26  Sep  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/13/931?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The delivery of one of every four infants by cesarean section in the United States during the late 1980s and early 1990s aroused concern that many of these operations were...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/10/735?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 05  Sep  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/10/735?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> In an attempt to reduce the rate of cesarean section, obstetricians now offer a trial of labor to pregnant women who have had a previous cesarean section. Although a...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/10/689?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael J. McMahon, M.D., M.P.H., Edwin R. Luther, M.D., Watson A. Bowes, Jr., M.D., and Andrew F. Olshan, Ph.D.Thu, 05  Sep  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/10/689?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The cardinal clinical manifestations of the polycystic ovary syndrome are hirsutism and anovulation, oligomenorrhea, or amenorrhea. About half the women with this syndrome are obese, and some have diabetes mellitus....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/9/657?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 29  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/9/657?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Uterine cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women, with an estimated 34,000 cases and 6000 deaths in the United States in 1996.1 It is the most curable of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/9/640?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Peter G. Rose, M.D.Thu, 29  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/9/640?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Insulin resistance and increased ovarian cytochrome P450c17α activity are both features of the polycystic ovary syndrome. P450c17α, which is involved in androgen biosynthesis, has both 17α-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities....http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/9/617?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48John E. Nestler, M.D., and Daniela J. Jakubowicz, M.D.Thu, 29  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/9/617?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Except for abortion, laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy has generated more controversy and discussion than any other type of gynecologic surgery in recent times. Is it because hysterectomy is itself controversial?...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/512?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 15  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/512?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The association between sexual intercourse and acute cystitis in women has been recognized for generations in folk wisdom (e.g., “honeymoon cystitis”), but researchers have been less certain of this association.1...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/511?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 15  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/511?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy has been promoted as a substitute for both abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy, with claimed benefits of lower costs, shorter hospital stays, and quicker postoperative recovery.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em>...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/483?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Anne M. Weber, M.D., and Jar-Chi Lee, M.S.Thu, 15  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/483?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Many hysterectomies are now performed by a laparoscopically assisted vaginal technique. This procedure is controversial, partly because of concern about cost. We studied hospital charges and costs for the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/476?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48James H. Dorsey, M.D., Patrice M. Holtz, R.N., M.S., Robert I. Griffiths, Sc.D., Margaret M. McGrath, M.S., and Earl P. Steinberg, M.D.Thu, 15  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/476?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Although acute urinary tract infections are common in young women, the associated risk factors have not been defined prospectively.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We recruited sexually active young women who were starting a...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/468?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thomas M. Hooton, M.D., Delia Scholes, Ph.D., James P. Hughes, Ph.D., Carol Winter, A.R.N.P., Pacita L. Roberts, M.S., Ann E. Stapleton, M.D., Andy Stergachis, Ph.D., and Walter E. Stamm, M.D.Thu, 15  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/468?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women has been associated with a decreased risk of heart disease. There is little information, however, about the effect of combined estrogen and progestin therapy...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/453?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Francine Grodstein, Sc.D., Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., JoAnn E. Manson, M.D., Graham A. Colditz, M.B., B.S., Walter C. Willett, M.D., Bernard Rosner, Ph.D., Frank E. Speizer, M.D., and Charles H. Hennekens, M.D.Thu, 15  Aug  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/7/453?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hypertensive disorders are the most common medical complications of pregnancy and are an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide.1 During normal pregnancy, systolic pressure changes little;...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/4/257?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Baha M. Sibai, M.D.Thu, 25  Jul  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/4/257?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Menorrhagia (also termed hypermenorrhea) is a common problem among women of reproductive age. One quarter of middle-aged British women studied in household surveys reported heavy menstrual bleeding that has interfered...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/3/198?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 18  Jul  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/3/198?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Endometrial resection is an alternative to hysterectomy in the treatment of women with menorrhagia, but it may not control the condition. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of such...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/3/151?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Hugh O'Connor, M.R.C.O.G., and Adam Magos, M.D.Thu, 18  Jul  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/3/151?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Previous studies have linked the use of oral contraceptive agents to an increased risk of stroke, but those studies have been limited to oral contraceptives containing more estrogen than...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/1/8?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Diana B. Petitti, M.D., Stephen Sidney, M.D., Allan Bernstein, M.D., Sheldon Wolf, M.D., Charles Quesenberry, Ph.D., and Harry K. Ziel, M.D.Thu, 04  Jul  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/1/8?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48For decades it has been known that oral contraceptive drugs are one of the most effective forms of birth control. Despite their clear and substantial benefits, concern has remained about...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/1/53?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 04  Jul  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/335/1/53?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48This is the story of the controversy over the safety of silicone-gel–filled breast implants — a controversy that has raged in this country for nearly a decade and is still...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/23/1513?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Marcia Angell, M.D.Thu, 06  Jun  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/23/1513?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Pelvic inflammatory disease and its severe, costly consequences are preventable. “Pelvic inflammatory disease” refers to infection of the endometrium, fallopian tubes, and contiguous structures. Although it is often caused by...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/21/1399?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 23  May  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/21/1399?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48For decades, the order of the therapeutic steps in early-stage, invasive breast cancer was largely unchallenged, proceeding according to the widely accepted priorities of Halsted with their emphasis on local...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/21/1397?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 23  May  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/21/1397?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Chlamydia trachomatis is a frequent cause of pelvic inflammatory disease. However, there is little information from clinical studies about whether screening women for cervical chlamydial infection can reduce the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/21/1362?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Delia Scholes, Ph.D., Andy Stergachis, Ph.D., Fred E. Heidrich, M.D., M.P.H., Holly Andrilla, M.S., King K. Holmes, M.D., Ph.D., and Walter E. Stamm, M.D.Thu, 23  May  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/21/1362?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Patients with early-stage breast cancer who are at substantial risk for systemic metastases are increasingly treated with breast-conserving therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, the optimal sequencing of chemotherapy and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/21/1356?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Abram Recht, M.D., Steven E. Come, M.D., I. Craig Henderson, M.D., Rebecca S. Gelman, Ph.D., Barbara Silver, B.A., Daniel F. Hayes, M.D., Lawrence N. Shulman, M.D., and Jay R. Harris, M.D.Thu, 23  May  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/21/1356?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Regular physical activity is important for health and has been linked to a reduced risk of numerous chronic diseases.1 Nonetheless, fewer than half of American adults engage in regular exercise.2...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/20/1325?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 16  May  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/20/1325?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48The evaluation of chest pain is a critical step in the care of women with heart disease. It is a point at which women are likely to be treated differently...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/20/1311?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Pamela S. Douglas, M.D., and Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 16  May  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/20/1311?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Official guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention assert that the majority of health benefits from physical activity are obtained by walking 2 miles (3.2 km) briskly...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/20/1298?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Paul T. Williams, Ph.D.Thu, 16  May  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/20/1298?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The role of dietary antioxidant vitamins in preventing coronary heart disease has aroused considerable interest because of the knowledge that oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein may promote atherosclerosis.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> We...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/18/1156?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Lawrence H. Kushi, Sc.D., Aaron R. Folsom, M.D., Ronald J. Prineas, M.B., B.S., Pamela J. Mink, M.P.H., Ying Wu, M.P.H., and Roberd M. Bostick, M.D.Thu, 02  May  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/18/1156?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Invasive cervical cancer is uncommon in the United States, with an incidence of 15,800 cases and 4800 deaths in 1995.1 This relatively low incidence is largely due to the effectiveness...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/16/1030?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Stephen A. Cannistra, M.D., and Jonathan M. Niloff, M.D.Thu, 18  Apr  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/16/1030?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Patients who survive Hodgkin's disease are at increased risk for second neoplasms. As survival times increase, solid tumors are emerging as a serious long-term complication.<br/><br/><em>Methods:</em> The Late Effects Study...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/12/745?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Smita Bhatia, M.D., M.P.H., Leslie L. Robison, Ph.D., Odile Oberlin, M.D., Mark Greenberg, M.B., Ch.B., Greta Bunin, Ph.D., Franca Fossati-Bellani, M.D., and Anna T. Meadows, M.D.Thu, 21  Mar  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/12/745?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> The role of the cervix in the pathogenesis of premature delivery is controversial. In a prospective, multicenter study of pregnant women, we used vaginal ultrasonography to measure the length...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/9/567?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Jay D. Iams, M.D., Robert L. Goldenberg, M.D., Paul J. Meis, M.D., Brian M. Mercer, M.D., Atef Moawad, M.D., Anita Das, M.S., Elizabeth Thom, Ph.D., Donald McNellis, M.D., Rachel L. Copper, M.S.N., C.R.N.P., Francee Johnson, R.N., B.S.N., James M. Roberts, M.D., and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit NetworkThu, 29  Feb  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/9/567?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Experiments in animals, international correlation comparisons, and case–control studies support an association between dietary fat intake and the incidence of breast cancer. Most cohort studies do not corroborate the...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/6/356?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48David J. Hunter, M.B., B.S., Donna Spiegelman, Sc.D., Hans-Olov Adami, M.D., Lawrence Beeson, M.S.P.H., Piet A. van den Brandt, Ph.D., Aaron R. Folsom, M.D., Gary E. Fraser, M.D., R. Alexandra Goldbohm, Ph.D., Saxon Graham, Ph.D., Geoffrey R. Howe, Ph.D., Lawrence H. Kushi, Sc.D., James R. Marshall, Ph.D., Aidan McDermott, M.A., Anthony B. Miller, M.B., B.Ch., Frank E. Speizer, M.D., Alicja Wolk, Dr.Med.Sci., Shiaw-Shyuan Yaun, M.P.H., and Walter Willett, M.D.Thu, 08  Feb  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/6/356?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the Western world, with a cumulative lifetime risk of 1 in 8.1 The two strongest risk factors are age and...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/3/186?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 18  Jan  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/3/186?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Mutations in a germ-line allele of the BRCA1 gene contribute to the familial breast cancer syndrome. However, the prevalence of these mutations is unknown in women with breast cancer...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/3/143?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Michael G. FitzGerald, B.A., Deborah J. MacDonald, R.N., M.S., Michael Krainer, M.D., Ingrid Hoover, B.A., Erin O'Neil, B.A., Hilal Unsal, M.D., Sandra Silva-Arrieto, B.A., Dianne M. Finkelstein, Ph.D., Peggy Beer-Romero, M.S., Christoph Englert, Ph.D., Dennis C. Sgroi, M.D., Barbara L. Smith, M.D., Ph.D., Jerry W. Younger, M.D., Judy E. Garber, M.D., Rosemary B. Duda, M.D., Kathleen A. Mayzel, M.D., Kurt J. Isselbacher, M.D., Stephen H. Friend, M.D., Ph.D., and Daniel A. Haber, M.D., Ph.D.Thu, 18  Jan  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/3/143?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Inherited mutations in the BRCA1 gene are associated with a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer in some families. However, little is known about the contribution of BRCA1...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/3/137?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Amelia A. Langston, M.D., Kathleen E. Malone, Ph.D., Jennifer D. Thompson, B.S., Janet R. Daling, Ph.D., and Elaine A. Ostrander, Ph.D.Thu, 18  Jan  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/3/137?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Cancer of the ovarian epithelium is the fourth most common cause of death from cancer in women and the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer. At the time of...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/1/50?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48Thu, 04  Jan  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/1/50?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48<em>Background:</em> Chemotherapy combinations that include an alkylating agent and a platinum coordination complex have high response rates in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Such combinations provide long-term control of disease...http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/1/1?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48William P. McGuire, M.D., William J. Hoskins, M.D., Mark F. Brady, B.S., Paul R. Kucera, M.D., Edward E. Partridge, M.D., Katherine Y. Look, M.D., Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson, M.D., and Martin Davidson, M.D.Thu, 04  Jan  1996 00:00:00 -05:00http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/334/1/1?rss=1&ssource=collectionSearchRss&queryTerm=48